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هل العدد الذي يقول لا عصا في المخطوطات مفرد أم جمع؟ لوقا 9: 3



Holy_bible_1

15\7\2018



السؤال



في الرد شبهة

هل امر السيد المسيح بأخذ عصي للطريق ولا لآ ؟

ذكرت ان لوقا 9: 3 ذكر الكلمة بالجمع. فهل هي بالمفرد ام بالجمع



الرد



في البداية لن اتطرق لموضوع شبهة امر المسيح بأخذ عصا او لا لأني بمعونة الرب ردت عليها في هذا الملف

هل امر السيد المسيح بأخذ عصي للطريق ولا لآ ؟

لكن هنا أركز على العدد في انجيل لوقا الذي قال لا تأخذ أي أكثر من عصا ولكي أؤكد ان لفظ عصا بالجمع هو النص التقليدي الصحيح سأقدم التراجم المختلفة ثم المخطوطات

والتراجم العربي غير واضح اللفظ لتشابه المفرد مع الجمع فأقدم التراجم الإنجليزي

التي كتبت النص التقليدي بالجمع

(SVD) وقال لهم: «لا تحملوا شيئا للطريق لا عصا ولا مزودا ولا خبزا ولا فضة ولا يكون للواحد ثوبان.


(ACV) And he said to them, Take nothing for the way, neither staffs, nor bag, nor bread, nor silver, nor have two coats each.


(AKJ) And he said to them, Take nothing for your journey, neither staves, nor money, neither bread, neither money; neither have two coats apiece.


(VW) And He said to them, Take nothing for the journey, neither staffs nor bag nor bread nor money; and do not have two tunics apiece.


(Bishops) And he saide vnto the: Take nothing to your iourney, neither staues, nor scrippe, neither bread, neither money, neither haue two coates.


(Mace) and he said to them make no provision for your journey: take neither staff, nor sack, nor bread, nor money; and but one coat for each.


(DRP (Gospels)) and said to them: "Take nothing for the journey— neither staffs, nor knapsack, nor bread, nor silver, neither have two tunics each.


(EMTV) And He said to them, "Take nothing for the journey, neither staffs nor knapsack nor bread nor silver; and do not have two tunics apiece.


(EVID) And he said to them, Take nothing for your journey, neither staves, nor scrip, neither bread, neither money; neither have two coats apiece.


(Geneva) And he sayd to them, Take nothing to your iourney, neither staues, nor scrip, neither bread, nor siluer, neither haue two coates apiece.


(HNV) He said to them, "Take nothing for your journey--neither staffs, nor wallet, nor bread, nor money; neither have two coats apiece.


(IAV NC) And he said unto them, Take nothing for your journey, neither staves, nor scrip, neither bread, neither money; neither have two coats apiece.


(IAV) And he said unto them, Take nothing for your journey, neither staves, nor scrip, neither bread, neither money; neither have two coats apiece.


(ISRAV) And he said unto them, Take nothing for your journey, neither staves, nor scrip, neither bread, neither money; neither have two coats apiece.


(JST) And he said unto them, Take nothing for your journey, neither staves, nor scrip, neither bread, neither money; neither have two coats apiece.


(JOSMTH) And he said unto them, Take nothing for your journey, neither staves, nor scrip, neither bread, neither money; neither have two coats apiece.


(KJVCNT) And he said unto them, Take nothing for your journey, neither staves, nor scrip, neither bread, neither money; neither have two coats apiece.


(KJCNT) And he said unto them, Take nothing for your journey, neither staves, nor scrip, neither bread, neither money; neither have two coats apiece.


(KJV) And he said unto them, Take nothing for your journey, neither staves, nor scrip, neither bread, neither money; neither have two coats apiece.


(KJV-Clar) And he said unto them, Take nothing for your journey, neither staves, nor scrip, neither bread, neither money; neither have two coats apiece.


(KJV-1611) And he said vnto them, Take nothing for your iourney, neither staues, nor scrip, neither bread, neither money, neither haue two coates apeece.


(KJV21) And He said unto them, "Take nothing for your journey, neither staves, nor pack, neither bread, neither money; neither have two coats apiece.


(KJVA) And he said unto them, Take nothing for your journey, neither staves, nor scrip, neither bread, neither money; neither have two coats apiece.


(LitNT) AND HE SAID TO THEM, NOTHING TAKE FOR THE WAY; NEITHER STAVES, NOR PROVISION BAG, NOR BREAD, NOR MONEY, NOR EACH TWO TUNICS TO HAVE.


(LITV) And He said to them, Take nothing for the way, neither staffs, nor moneybags, nor bread, nor silver, nor each to have two tunics.


(LONT) And he said to them, Provide nothing for your journey; nor staves, nor bag, nor bread, nor silver, nor two coats apiece;


(MKJV) And He said to them, Take nothing for your journey, neither staffs, nor a bag, nor bread, nor money, nor each to have two tunics.


(NKJV) And He said to them, “Take nothing for the journey, neither staffs nor bag nor bread nor money; and do not have two tunics apiece.


(RNKJV) And he said unto them, Take nothing for your journey, neither staves, nor scrip, neither bread, neither money; neither have two coats apiece.


(TMB) And He said unto them, "Take nothing for your journey, neither staves, nor pack, neither bread, neither money; neither have two coats apiece.


(Tyndale) And he sayd to them: Take nothinge to sucker you by ye waye: nether staffe nor scripe nether breed nether money nether have twoo cootes.


(Webster) And he said to them, Take nothing for your journey, neither staffs, nor bag, neither bread, neither money; neither have two coats apiece.


(Wesley's) neither staves, nor scrip, nor bread, nor money: neither have two coats apiece.


(WESNT) neither staves, nor scrip, nor bread, nor money: neither have two coats apiece.


(WORNT) And He said unto them, Take nothing for your journey, neither staves, nor bag, nor bread, nor money; nor two coats a piece.

التي كتبت النص النقدي بالمفرد

(ALT) And He said to them, "Be taking nothing for the journey, neither staff nor traveler's bag nor bread nor money; neither be having two coats apiece.


(AMP) And He said to them, Do not take anything for your journey--neither walking stick, nor [1] wallet [for a collection bag], nor food of any kind, nor money, and do not have two undergarments (tunics).


(ASV) And he said unto them, Take nothing for your journey, neither staff, nor wallet, nor bread, nor money; neither have two coats.


(BBE) And he said to them, Take nothing for your journey, no stick or bag or bread or money, and do not take two coats.


(CEV) He told them, "Don't take anything with you! Don't take a walking stick or a traveling bag or food or money or even a change of clothes.


(Darby) And he said to them, Take nothing for the way, neither staff, nor scrip, nor bread, nor money; nor to have two body-coats apiece.


(DRB) And he said to them: Take nothing for your journey, neither staff, nor scrip, nor bread, nor money; neither have two coats.


(ESV) And he said to them, "Take nothing for your journey, no staff, nor bag, nor bread, nor money; and do not have two tunics.[1]


(ERV) He said to them, "When you travel, don't take a walking stick. Also, don't carry a bag, food, or money. Take for your trip only the clothes you are wearing.


(GNB) after saying to them, "Take nothing with you for the trip: no walking stick, no beggar's bag, no food, no money, not even an extra shirt.


(GW) He told them, "Don't take anything along on the trip. Don't take a walking stick, traveling bag, any food, money, or a change of clothes.


(ISV) He told them, "Don't take anything along on the trip-no walking stick, traveling bag, bread, money, or even an extra shirt.


(NIRV) He told them, "Don't take anything for the journey. Do not take a walking stick or a bag. Do not take any bread, money or extra clothes.


(NIV) He told them: "Take nothing for the journey--no staff, no bag, no bread, no money, no extra tunic.


(NRSV) He said to them, "Take nothing for your journey, no staff, nor bag, nor bread, nor money-- not even an extra tunic.


(RV) And he said unto them, Take nothing for your journey, neither staff, nor wallet, nor bread, nor money; neither have two coats.


(YLT) And he said unto them, `Take nothing for the way, neither staff, nor scrip, nor bread, nor money; neither have two coats each;

فكل الترجمات التي تمثل النص التقليدي والاغلبية كتبت عصي بالجمع اما التي تمثل النص النقدي كتبت مفرد

النصوص اليوناني

التي قالت عصي بالجمع (رابدووس)

RP Byzantine Majority Text 2005
Καὶ εἴπεν πρὸς αὐτούς, Μηδὲν αἴρετε εἰς τὴν ὁδόν· μήτε ῥάβδους, μήτε πήραν, μήτε ἄρτον, μήτε ἀργύριον, μήτε ἀνὰ δύο χιτῶνας ἔχειν.

Greek Orthodox Church 1904
καὶ εἶπε πρὸς αὐτούς· Μηδὲν αἴρετε εἰς τὴν ὁδόν, μήτε ῥάβδους μήτε πήραν μήτε ἄρτον μήτε ἀργύριον μήτε ἀνὰ δύο χιτῶνας ἔχειν.

Scrivener's Textus Receptus 1894
καὶ εἶπε πρὸς αὐτούς, Μηδὲν αἴρετε εἰς τὴν ὁδόν· μήτε ῥάβδους, μήτε πήραν, μήτε ἄρτον, μήτε ἀργύριον, μήτε ἀνὰ δύο χιτῶνας ἔχειν.

Stephanus Textus Receptus 1550
καὶ εἶπεν πρὸς αὐτούς Μηδὲν αἴρετε εἰς τὴν ὁδόν μήτε ῥάβδους, μήτε πήραν μήτε ἄρτον μήτε ἀργύριον μήτε ἀνὰ δύο χιτῶνας ἔχειν

Stephanus Textus Receptus 1550
και ειπεν προς αυτους μηδεν αιρετε εις την οδον μητε ραβδους μητε πηραν μητε αρτον μητε αργυριον μητε ανα δυο χιτωνας εχειν

Scrivener's Textus Receptus 1894 w/o Diacritics
και ειπε προς αυτους, Μηδεν αιρετε εις την οδον· μητε ραβδους, μητε πηραν, μητε αρτον, μητε αργυριον, μητε ανα δυο χιτωνας εχειν.

Byzantine/Majority Text (2000) w/o Diacritics
και ειπεν προς αυτους μηδεν αιρετε εις την οδον μητε ραβδους μητε πηραν μητε αρτον μητε αργυριον μητε ανα δυο χιτωνας εχειν

(ABP-G+) καιG2532 ειπεG2036 προςG4314 αυτουςG1473 μηδενG3367 αιρετεG142 ειςG1519 τηνG3588 οδονG3598 μητεG3383 ραβδουςG4464 μητεG3383 πηρανG4082 μητεG3383 αρτονG740 μητεG3383 αργυριονG694 μητεG3383 αναG303 δυοG1417 χιτωναςG5509 εχεινG2192


(ABP+) AndG2532 he saidG2036 toG4314 them,G1473 [2nothingG3367 1Take]G142 forG1519 theG3588 way!G3598 neitherG3383 rods,G4464 norG3383 provision bag,G4082 norG3383 bread,G740 norG3383 money,G694 norG3383 [2up to G303 3twoG1417 4inner garmentsG5509 1to have].G2192


(IGNT+) καιG2532 AND ειπενG2036 [G5627] HE SAID προςG4314 TO αυτουςG846 THEM, μηδενG3367 NOTHING αιρετεG142 [G5720] TAKE ειςG1519 FOR τηνG3588 THE οδονG3598 WAY; μητεG3383 NEITHER ραβδουςG4464 STAVES, μητεG3383 NOR πηρανG4082 PROVISION BAG, μητεG3383 NOR αρτονG740 BREAD, μητεG3383 NOR αργυριονG694 MONEY, μητεG3383 NOR αναG303 EACH δυοG1417 TWO χιτωναςG5509 TUNICS εχεινG2192 [G5721] TO HAVE.


(SNT) και ειπεν προς αυτους μηδεν αιρετε εις την οδον μητε ραβδους μητε πηραν μητε αρτον μητε αργυριον μητε ανα δυο χιτωνας εχειν

التي قالت عصا (رابدون)

Nestle Greek New Testament 1904
καὶ εἶπεν πρὸς αὐτούς Μηδὲν αἴρετε εἰς τὴν ὁδόν, μήτε ῥάβδον μήτε πήραν μήτε ἄρτον μήτε ἀργύριον μήτε ἀνὰ δύο χιτῶνας ἔχειν.

Westcott and Hort 1881
καὶ εἶπεν πρὸς αὐτούς Μηδὲν αἴρετε εἰς τὴν ὁδόν, μήτε ῥάβδον μήτε πήραν μήτε ἄρτον μήτε ἀργύριον, μήτε δύο χιτῶνας ἔχειν.

Tischendorf 8th Edition
καὶ εἶπεν πρὸς αὐτούς· μηδὲν αἴρετε εἰς τὴν ὁδόν, μήτε ῥάβδον μήτε πήραν μήτε ἄρτον μήτε ἀργύριον, μήτε ἀνὰ δύο χιτῶνας ἔχειν.

فالحقيقة اغلبية النصوص اليوناني تؤكد النص التقليدي



المخطوطات

باختصار شديد كل المخطوطات التي تمثل النص التقليدي كتبت عصي

على سبيل المثال

الإسكندرية من القرن الخامس

وتصحيح الافرايمية

وغيرها من مخطوطات الخط الكبير

E2 H K U V Γ Δ Θ Λ Π

ومخطوطات الخط الصغير مثل 28 565 700 2882

m-1141

ومجموعة المخطوطات البيزنطي التي بالمئات ومخطوطات القراءات الكنسية

والترجمات اللاتينية القديمة من منتصف القرن الثاني وترجمات سريانية والجوارجينية وغيرهم الكثير

وكثير من اقوال الإباء مثل يوسابيوس وغيره

وكما احصى فون سودين

اما التي كتبت عصا بالمفرد هي مخطوطات النص الاسكندري مثل السينائية والفاتيكانية وبيزا وغيرهم



ولهذا بعض علماء النقد النصي سواء تقليديين مثل سودين وأيضا نقديين مثل ديفيد بالمر قالوا ان النص الصحيح هو قراءة عصي بالجمع وهو فقط خطأ من نساخ النص الاسكندري انهم جعلوها بالمفرد لتتماشى مع بقيم الأسماء الموجودة في العدد التي جاءت بالمفرد

وقال لهم: «لا تحملوا شيئا للطريق لا عصا ولا مزودا ولا خبزا ولا فضة ولا يكون للواحد ثوبان

فللأسف نساخ الخط الاسكندري وفقوا بين المفرد في الثلاث كلمات التالية فجعلوا عصا بالمفرد

وهذا تساؤل بالمر

Did an Alexandrian copyist accidentally change the number of this word to the singular in conformity with the surrounding subjects in the phrase?

The ancient Greek text, alternating verse by verse with A new translation from the Greek by David Robert Palmer P, 43.

وهذا ما يتماشى مع قواعد التحليل الداخلي

فوجود كلمة جمع وسط مفرد هذه قراءة حادة وحسب قاعدة

The hardest reading is best

القراءه الاصعب هي الافضل

Difficilior lectio potior or Proclivi scriptioni praestat ardua

ومن تكلم عليها هو بنجيل ( وبالنسبه له هي كانت القاعده الاساسيه )



وأيضا قاعدة

The reading which could most easily have given rise to the other readings is best.

القراءه التي هي بوضوح السبب في بقية القراءات هي الافضل

وهذه القاعده هي من انتاج تشندورف وهي القراءه الافضل هي التي تفسر بقية القراءات

فكما قال بالمر محاولة النساخ تصحيح ما ظنوه خطأ وهو كلمة بالجمع وسط مفرد هو الذي يفسر سبب القراءة الثانية

وتشابهها قاعدة

If one reading appears to be an intentional correction, the reading which invited such a correction is best.

لو قراءه تبدو مصححه , تكون القراءه التي دعت الي ذلك التصحيح هي الافضل

ولها تسميه اخري

That reading which is most likely to have suffered change by copyists is best.

اي القراءه التي عانت من تصحيح النساخ هي الافضل ( قبل التصحيح ) وهي اقترحها تشندورف مثل تفضيله للقراءه الحاده . وهي تعني لو كان هناك قراءه تدعوا الي التصحيح بالطبع قد يندفع ناسخ ويصححها



وأيضا حسب قاعدة

The reading which best fits the context or the author's theology( and ideology ) is best.

القراءة التي تناسب الفكر اللاهوتي للكاتب هي الافضل

وكما نرى ان لوقا بوضوح في نفس العدد يطلب عن عدم اخذي شيء ثاني احتياطي (ولا يكون للواحد ثوبان) فهذا يناسب فكر الكاتب لوقا البشير



فاعتقد بالتحليل الخارجي والداخلي تأكدنا من ان قراءة عصي بالجمع هي الصحيحة

وبهذا نكون تأكدنا ان مرقس البشير

6: 8 واوصاهم ان لا يحملوا شيئا للطريق غير عصا فقط لا مزودا ولا خبزا ولا نحاسا في المنطقة

يقصد يأخذوا عصا واحدة

ولوقا البشير

وقال لهم: «لا تحملوا شيئا للطريق لا عصي ولا مزودا ولا خبزا ولا فضة ولا يكون للواحد ثوبان

أي لا يأخذوا عصى احتياطي للطريق

واكتفي بهذا القدر



والمجد لله دائما