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هل يوجد تحريف في تكوين 2 فهي اليوم السادس وليس السابع؟ تكوين 2: 2



Holy_bible_1

25/5/2019



السؤال



شبهة نقد نصى فى سفر التكوين ٢: ٢ بيقول ان فى المخطوطات مكتوبة اليوم السادس مش السابع هل دة كلام صحيح ولالا



الرد



الحقيقة بدراسة الامر سنعرف انه لا يوجد تحريف ولكن فقط في الترجمة السبعينية هي لانها تفسيرية فشرحت المقصود ولنتأكد من هل يوجد تحريف ام لا وما هو الذي تقوله المخطوطات ندرس معا العدد

التراجم المختلفة. العربي

التي كتبت السابع

الفانديك

سفر التكوين 2: 2

وفرغ الله في اليوم السابع من عمله الذي عمل. فاستراح في اليوم السابع من جميع عمله الذي عمل.

الحياة

2 وفي اليوم السابع أتم الله عمله الذي قام به، فاستراح فيه من جميع ما عمله.

السارة

2 وفرغ الله في اليوم السابع من عمله الذي عمل، واستراح في اليوم السابع من جميع ما عمله.

اليسوعية

2 وانتهى الله في اليوم السابع من عمله الذي عمله، واستراح في اليوم السابع من كل عمله الذي عمله.

الكاثوليكية

تك-2-2: واَنتَهى اللهُ في اليَومِ السَّابِعِ مِن عَمَلِه الَّذي عَمِلَه، واَستَراحَ في اليَومِ السَّابِعِ من كُلِّ عَمَلِه الَّذي عَمِلَه.

التي كتبت السادس. لا يوجد

الانجليزية

(ACV) And on the seventh day God finished his work which he had made, and he rested on the seventh day from all his work which he had made.


(AHRC-MT) and~ he~ will~ Finish “Elohiym [Powers]” in~ the~ Day the~ Seventh Occupation~ him Which he~ did~ Do and~ he~ will~ Cease in~ the~ Day the~ Seventh from~ All Occupation~ him Which he~ did~ Do


(AKJ) And on the seventh day God ended his work which he had made; and he rested on the seventh day from all his work which he had made.


(AMP) And on the seventh day God ended His work which He had done; and He rested on the seventh day from all His work which He had done.(1)


(ASV) And on the seventh day God finished his work which he had made; and he rested on the seventh day from all his work which he had made.


(BBE) And on the seventh day God came to the end of all his work; and on the seventh day he took his rest from all the work which he had done.


(VW) And on the seventh day God completed His work which He had made, and He rested on the seventh day from all His work which He had made.


(Bishops) And in the seuenth day God ended his worke whiche he had made. And the seueth day he rested from all his worke which he had made.


(CEV) By the seventh day God had finished his work, and so he rested.


(CJB) On the seventh day God was finished with his work which he had made, so he rested on the seventh day from all his work which he had made.


(CLV) And finishing is the Elohim, on the sixth day, His work which He does. And ceasing is He on the seventh day from all His work which He does.


(Darby) And God had finished on the seventh day his work which he had made; and he rested on the seventh day from all his work which he had made.


(DRB) And on the seventh day God ended his work which he had made: and he rested on the seventh day from all his work which he had done.


(ESV) And on the seventh day God finished his work that he had done, and he rested on the seventh day from all his work that he had done.


(ERV) God finished the work he was doing, so on the seventh day he rested from his work.


(EVID) And on the seventh day God ended his work which he had made; and he rested on the seventh day from all his work which he had made.


(Geneva) For in the seuenth day GOD ended his worke which he had made, and the seuenth day he rested from al his worke, which he had made.


(GNB) By the seventh day God finished what he had been doing and stopped working.


(GW) By the seventh day God had finished work he had been doing. On the seventh day he stopped the work he had been doing.


(HCSB-r) By the seventh day, God completed His work that He had done, and He rested on the seventh day from all His work that He had done.


(HNV) On the seventh day God finished his work which he had made; and he rested on the seventh day from all his work which he had made.


(csb) By the seventh day, God completed His work that He had done, and He rested on the seventh day from all His work that He had done.


(IAV) And on the seventh day Elohim ended his work which he had made; and he rested on the seventh day from all his work which he had made.


(ISRAV) And on the seventh day Elohim ended his work which he had made; and he rested on the seventh day from all his work which he had made.


(JST) And on the seventh day, I, God, ended my work, and all things which I had made; and I rested on the seventh day from all my work; and all things which I had made were finished. And I, God, saw that they were good.


(JOSMTH) And on the seventh day, I, God, ended my work, and all things which I had made; and I rested on the seventh day from all my work; and all things which I had made were finished. And I, God, saw that they were good.


(JPS) And on the seventh day God finished His work which He had made; and He rested on the seventh day from all His work which He had made.


(KJ2000) And on the seventh day God ended his work which he had made; and he rested on the seventh day from all his work which he had made.


(KJV) And on the seventh day God ended his work which he had made; and he rested on the seventh day from all his work which he had made.


(KJV-1611) And on the seuenth day God ended his worke, which hee had made: And he rested on the seuenth day from all his worke, which he had made.


(KJV21) And on the seventh day God ended His work which He had made; and He rested on the seventh day from all His work which He had made.


(KJVA) And on the seventh day God ended his work which he had made; and he rested on the seventh day from all his work which he had made.


(LITV) And on the seventh day God completed His work which He had made. And He rested on the seventh day from all His work which He had made.


(MKJV) And on the seventh day God ended His work which He had made. And He rested on the seventh day from all His work which He had made.


(MSG) By the seventh day God had finished his work. On the seventh day he rested from all his work.


(NAS+) By the seventh7637 day3117 God430 completed3615 His work4399 which834 He had done , and He rested on the seventh7637 day3117 from all3605 His work4399 which834 He had done .


(NCV) By the seventh day God finished the work he had been doing, so he rested from all his work.


(NET.) By the seventh day God finished the work that he had been doing, and he ceased on the seventh day all the work that he had been doing.


(NET) By3 the seventh day God finished the work that he had been doing,4 and he ceased5 on the seventh day all the work that he had been doing.


(NAB-A) Since on the seventh day God was finished with the work he had been doing, he rested on the seventh day from all the work he had undertaken.


(NIRV) By the seventh day God had finished the work he had been doing. So on the seventh day he rested from all of his work.


(NIV) By the seventh day God had finished the work he had been doing; so on the seventh day he rested from all his work.


(NIVUK) By the seventh day God had finished the work he had been doing; so on the seventh day he rested from all his work.


(NKJV) And on the seventh day God ended His work which He had done, and He rested on the seventh day from all His work which He had done.


(NLT) On the seventh day, having finished his task, God rested from all his work.


(NLV) On the seventh day God ended His work which He had done. And He rested on the seventh day from all His work which He had done.


(nrs) And on the seventh day God finished the work that he had done, and he rested on the seventh day from all the work that he had done.


(NRSV) And on the seventh day God finished the work that he had done, and he rested on the seventh day from all the work that he had done.


(nsn+) By the seventh7637 day3117 God430 completed3615 His work4399 which834 He had done , and He rested on the seventh7637 day3117 from all3605 His work4399 which834 He had done .


(NWT) And by the seventh day God came to the completion of his work that he had made, and he proceeded to rest on the seventh day from all his work that he had made.


(RNKJV) And on the seventh day Elohim ended his work which he had made; and he rested on the seventh day from all his work which he had made.


(RSVA) And on the seventh day God finished his work which he had done, and he rested on the seventh day from all his work which he had done.


(RV) And on the seventh day God finished his work which he had made; and he rested on the seventh day from all his work which he had made.


(TMB) And on the seventh day God ended His work which He had made; and He rested on the seventh day from all His work which He had made.


(TNIV) By the seventh day God had finished the work he had been doing; so on the seventh day he rested from all his work.


(TRC) and in the seventh day God ended his work which he had made and rested in the seventh day from all his works which he had made.


(Tyndale) ad i ye seueth daye god ended hys worke which he had made and rested in ye seventh daye fro all his workes which he had made.


(UPDV) And on the seventh day God finished his work which he had made; and he rested on the seventh day from all his work which he had made.


(Webster) And on the seventh day God ended his work which he had made; and he rested on the seventh day from all his work which he had made.


(Wycliffe) And God fillide in the seuenthe dai his werk which he made; and he restide in the seuenthe dai fro al his werk which he hadde maad;


(YLT) and God completeth by the seventh day His work which He hath made, and ceaseth by the seventh day from all His work which He hath made.


التي كتبت السادس

فقط الترجمة الإنجليزية للسبعينية والترجمة الإنجليزية للسريانية وترجمة ثالثة

(AESV Torah) On the sixth day God finished his work which he had made; and he rested on the seventh day from all his work which he had made.


(Brenton) And God finished on the sixth day his works which he made, and he ceased on the seventh day from all his works which he made.


(Lamsa) And on the sixth day God, finished his works which he had made; and he rested on the seventh day from all his works which he had made.



النسخ العبري والمخطوطات

(IHOT+) ויכלH3615 ended אלהיםH430 God ביוםH3117 day השׁביעיH7637 And on the seventh מלאכתוH4399 his work אשׁרH834 which עשׂהH6213 he had made; וישׁבתH7673 and he rested ביוםH3117 day השׁביעיH7637 on the seventh מכלH3605 from all מלאכתוH4399 his work אשׁרH834 which עשׂה׃H6213 he had made.



(BHS) וַיְכַל אֱלֹהִים בַּיֹּום הַשְּׁבִיעִי מְלַאכְתֹּו אֲשֶׁר עָשָׂה וַיִּשְׁבֹּת בַּיֹּום הַשְּׁבִיעִי מִכָּל־מְלַאכְתֹּו אֲשֶׁר עָשָׂה׃


(HOT) ויכל אלהים ביום השׁביעי מלאכתו אשׁר עשׂה וישׁבת ביום השׁביעי מכל־מלאכתו אשׁר עשׂה׃


(TO) וְשֵׁיצִי יְיָ בְּיוֹמָא שְׁבִיעָאָה, עֲבִידְתֵיהּ דַּעֲבַד; וְנָח בְּיוֹמָא שְׁבִיעָאָה, מִכָּל עֲבִידְתֵיהּ דַּעֲבַד


(WLC) וַיְכַ֤ל אֱלֹהִים֙ בַּיֹּ֣ום הַשְּׁבִיעִ֔י מְלַאכְתֹּ֖ו אֲשֶׁ֣ר עָשָׂ֑ה וַיִּשְׁבֹּת֙ בַּיֹּ֣ום הַשְּׁבִיעִ֔י מִכָּל־מְלַאכְתֹּ֖ו אֲשֶׁ֥ר עָשָֽׂה׃

Aleppo Codex
ב ויכל אלהים ביום השביעי מלאכתו אשר עשה וישבת ביום השביעי מכל מלאכתו אשר עשה

ولا يوجد نص عبري ولا مخطوطة عبرية وجدتها الا ما تقول السابع هشفيعي

فحتى مخطوطة لننجراد ومخطوطة حلب كتبوا السابع

وللأسف مخطوطة قمران التي فيها هذا الجزء متآكل

4Q10 Genesis k: Frg. 4, Genesis 2:1–3

فحتى الان من ناحية المخطوطات الكلمة بوضوح هي السابع



الترجمات القديمة

الفلجاتا من القرن الرابع كتبت السابع

(Vulgate) conplevitque Deus die septimo opus suum quod fecerat et requievit die septimo ab universo opere quod patrarat

ولكن الترجمة القديمة التي كتبت السابع هي

السبعينية

(LXX) κα συνετλεσεν θες ν τ μρ τ κτ τ ργα ατο, ποησεν, κα κατπαυσεν τ μρ τ βδμ π πντων τν ργων ατο, ν ποησεν.


(ABP-G+) καιG2532 συνετελεσεν ο θεοςG4931 G3588 G2316 ενG1722 τηG3588 ημεραG2250 τηG3588 εκτηG1622 ταG3588 εργα αυτουG2041 G1473 αG3739 εποιησεG4160 καιG2532 κατεπαυσεG2664 τηG3588 ημεραG2250 τηG3588 εβδομηG1442 αποG575 παντωνG3956 τωνG3588 εργων αυτουG2041 G1473 ωνG3739 εποιησεG4160


(ABP+) AndG2532 God completedG4931 G3588 G2316 inG1722 theG3588 [2dayG2250 G3588 1sixth]G1622 G3588 his worksG2041 G1473 whichG3739 he did.G4160 AndG2532 he restedG2664 on theG3588 [2dayG2250 G3588 1seventh]G1442 fromG575 allG3956 G3588 his worksG2041 G1473 whichG3739 he did.G4160

والذي اتبع نص السبعينية هو النص السرياني

فرغم ان النص العبري واضح فلماذا السبعينية كتبت السادس بدل من السابع؟

السبعينية كما شرحت سابقا تفسيرية

والسبب ان اليهود لان اليوم السابع ممنوع أي عمل فيه من اوله أي يتوقفوا عن العمل في اليوم السادس اتباعا لوصايا الرب عن السبت فلهذا ليوضحوا ان الرب لم يعمل في أي وقت في اليوم السابع فقالوا في الترجمة للتوضيح

وفرغ الله في اليوم السادس من عمله الذي عمل. فاستراح في اليوم السابع من جميع عمله الذي عمل.

وهذا تفسير او شرح انه انتهي من كل العمل في اليوم السادس أي قبل نهايته ولم يعمل أي شيء في اليوم السابع فحتى المفسر ابن عزرا يقول قبل اليوم السابع انتهى من عمله

"before the seventh day God ended his work"

فكما قال يوسيفوس ان موسى قال

سفر الخروج 20: 11

لأَنْ فِي سِتَّةِ أَيَّامٍ صَنَعَ الرَّبُّ السَّمَاءَ وَالأَرْضَ وَالْبَحْرَ وَكُلَّ مَا فِيهَا، وَاسْتَرَاحَ فِي الْيَوْمِ السَّابعِ. لِذلِكَ بَارَكَ الرَّبُّ يَوْمَ السَّبْتِ وَقَدَّسَهُ.

فقال انه بكل تأكيد انتهي من كل شيء في نهاية اليوم السادس

Antiqu. l. 1. c. 1. sect. 1.

فالسبعينية فقط لتؤكد ان اخر عمل انتهى كان في نهاية اليوم السادس ولم يكن هناك أي عمل في السابع كتبت السادس لتأكيد هذا المعنى لأنها ترجمة تفسيرية.

وبهذا تأكدنا انه لا يوجد أي تحريف واللفظ الأصلي السابع ولكن السبعينية السادس فقط للتفسير



وأخيرا المعنى الروحي

من تفسير ابونا تادرس يعقوب واقوال الإباء

ماذا يعني "استراح في اليوم السابع"؟ بلا شك الراحة هنا لا تعني التوقف عن العمل، وإنما استراح براحة خليقته، وكما يقول القديس أغسطينوس: [راحة الله تعني راحة الذين يستريحون في الله[79]]. راحته كأب سماوي أن يجد محبوبيه ينعمون بالراحة الداخلية الحقة، لذلك يقول القديس أغسطينوس: [إننا نستريح عندما نصنع أعمالًا صالحة. كمثال لذلك كُتب عن الله أنه "استراح في اليوم السابع"، وذلك عندما صنع كل أعماله وإذا بها حسنة جدًا. إنه لم يتعب ولا احتاج إلي راحة، كما أنه لم يترك عمله حتى الآن، إذ يقول ربنا المسيح بصراحة: "أبي يعمل حتى الآن" (يو 5: 17)[80]].

لقد ختم الرب حديثه عن أعمال الخلق بإعلان راحته في خليقته التي حملت آثار محبته خاصة الإنسان الذي حمل صورته ومثاله، ويبقي الله في راحته مادام الإنسان أيضًا يستريح في حضن أبيه السماوي. لهذا رأي كثير من الآباء أن وصية "حفظ السبت" والتي تعني في العبرية "الراحة" إنما هي رمز للثبوت في السيد المسيح بكونه راحة الآب، فيه يجد لذته من جهتنا، وراحتنا نحن إذ فيه ندخل إلي حضن الآب. وكأن السيد المسيح نفسه هو سبتنا الحقيقي[81]... هذا هو سر اهتمام الله بحفظ وصية السبت، وجعلها خطًا رئيسيًا في خطة خلاص شعبه، من يكسرها يكون قد نقض العهد الإلهي وحرم نفسه من عضويته في الجماعة المقدسة. لنحفظ إذًا السبت الحقيقي بقبولنا السيد المسيح القائم من الأموات كسر راحتنا الحقيقية، لنقبله قائمًا من الأموات فنحفظ السبت كل أيام حياتنا خاصة في اليوم الأول من الأسبوع، كما كان الرسل يجتمعون معًا في أول الأسبوع (الأحد) يمارسون العبادة الجماعية حول الأفخارستيا كموضوع راحتهم الحقة.

إن كان السيد المسيح هو "اليوم السابع" أو (السبت الحقيقي) الذي فيه تصالحنا مع الآب بدم صليبه، فإننا إذ نثبت فيه نحمل سماته فينا ونمتلئ ببره ونصير نحن أنفسنا موضع راحة فنحسب به "سبتًا" أو (يومًا سابعًا)، وكما يقول القديس أغسطينوس: [نصير نحن أنفسنا اليوم السابع عندما نمتلئ ببركات الله وتقديسه ونفعم بها[82]].

هذا ويلاحظ أن الكتاب المقدس لم يقل عن اليوم السابع: "وكان مساء وكان صباح يومًا سابعًا"، وكما يقول القديس أغسطينوس: [لا نجد في السبت مساءً، لأن راحتنا بلا نهاية، إذ يضع المساء نهاية[83]].



والمجد لله دائما