نبوات العهد القديم عن المسيح والعصر المسياني من اقوال اليهود واقتباسات العهد الجديد سفر التكوين الجزء الثاني

نبوات العهد القديم عن المسيح والعصر المسياني من اقوال اليهود واقتباسات العهد الجديد

سفر التكوين الجزء الثاني

Holy_bible_1

14/6/2019

نبوة ان الله نفسه يكون الذبيحة ويفدي البشر مثل كبش الفداء

سفر التكوين 22

22 :7 و كلم اسحق ابراهيم اباه و قال يا ابي فقال هانذا يا ابني فقال هوذا النار و الحطب و لكن اين الخروف للمحرقة

22 :8 فقال ابراهيم الله يرى له الخروف للمحرقة يا ابني فذهبا كلاهما معا

العدد العبري هنا خطير جدا لانه يقول نصا

(IHOT+) ויאמר^H559^said, אברהם^H85^And
Abraham אלהים^H430^God יראה^H7200^will
provide לו השׂה^H7716^{himself
a lamb} לעלה^H5930^{for
a burnt offering:} בני^H1121^My
son, וילכו^H1980^{so
they went} שׁניהם^H8147^both יחדו׃^H3162^{of
them together.}

فالعدد يقول نصا ( الله سيقدم نفسه خروف للمحرقة )

ولهذا الترجمة الانجليزيه

(KJV-1611) And Abraham said, My sonne, God will prouide himselfe a lambe for a burnt offering: so they went both of them together.

وترجمة المؤسسة اليهودية

(JPS) And Abraham said: 'God will provide Himself the lamb for a burnt-offering, my son.' So they went both of them together.

فالعدد نبوي بوضوح شديد وقد أكد ذلك كثير من المفسرين

ابونا انطونيوس فكري

الله يري له الخروف: جاءت في الإنجليزية في النسخ القديمة Old KJ(God will provide himself a lamb for a burnt offering.

وأضيفت كلمة For قبل Himself في النسخ الجديدة New KJ والمعني أن الله سيدبر نفسه الخروف للمحرقة. قال إبراهيم هذا الرد بروح النبوة الذي به رأي خطة الله للخلاص وأنها ليست من صنع إنسان لكنها بتدبير إلهي هو وحده يراه.

والمفسر جيل

And Abraham said, my son, God will provide himself a lamb for a burnt offering,.... In which answer Abraham may have respect to the Messiah, the Lamb of God, Joh_1:29,

فهو يتكلم بطريقه نبوية عن المسيح

22: 9 فلما اتيا الى الموضع الذي قال له الله بنى هناك ابراهيم المذبح و رتب الحطب و ربط اسحق ابنه و وضعه على المذبح فوق الحطب

وايضا هذه نبوة عن المسيح الذي يثبت علي خشبة الصليب

....

22 :13 فرفع ابراهيم عينيه و نظر و اذا كبش وراءه ممسكا في الغابة بقرنيه فذهب ابراهيم و اخذ الكبش و اصعده محرقة عوضا عن ابنه

22 :14 فدعا ابراهيم اسم ذلك الموضع يهوه يراه حتى انه يقال اليوم في جبل الرب يرى

هذه نبوة مهم لان في عدد 8

تعليق الراباوات على عدد 13

مدراش رابا تكوين

ما معنى كلمة كبش اهار في 22: 13 .... هو إشارة عن المستقبل المسياني

Genesis 22:13.

Midrash Rabbah, Genesis LVI, 9.

AND ABRAHAM LIFTED UP HIS EYES, AND LOOKED, AND BEHOLD BEHIND HIM (AHAR) A RAM (XXII, 13). What does A H A R mean? Said R. Judan: After all that happened, Israel still falls into the clutches of sin and [in consequence] become the victims of persecution; yet they will be ultimately redeemed by the ram’s horn, as it says, And the Lord God will blow the horn, etc. (Zech. IX, 14). R. Judah b. R Simon interpreted: At the end of [after] all generations Israel will fall into the clutches of sin and be the victims of persecution; yet eventually they will be redeemed by the ram’s horn, as is says, ‘And the Lord God will blow the horn,’ etc.

They understand ahar (lit. ‘after’) and ‘ram’ to hint at the Messianic future.

مدراش راباه تكوين

اسم الموضع ادوناي يريه يهوه يرى .... وهو إشارة ان يعيد بناء وان يثبت زمن المسيح كما في عدد مزمور 102: 17 اذا بنى الرب صهيون يرى بمجده

Genesis 22:14.

Midrash Rabbah, Genesis LVI, 10.

AND ABRAHAM CALLED THE NAME OF THE PLACE ADONAI JIREH—THE LORD SEETH (XXII, 14) … For it says, AND ABRAHAM CALLED THE NAME OF THE PLACE ADONAI—JIREH (The Lord Seeth) … AS IT IS SAID TO THIS DAY: IN THE MOUNT …; WHERE THE LORD IS SEEN refers to it rebuilt and firmly established in the Messianic era as in the verse, When the Lord hath built up Zion, when He hath been seen in His glory (Psa. CII, 17).

وأيضا

7 التكوين 22: 16-17

Gen 22:16 وقال: «بذاتي اقسمت يقول الرب اني من اجل انك فعلت هذا الامر ولم تمسك ابنك وحيدك

Gen 22:17 اباركك مباركة واكثر نسلك تكثيرا كنجوم السماء وكالرمل الذي على شاطئ البحر ويرث نسلك باب اعدائه

Gen 22:16 ויאמר^H559^And
said, בי נשׁבעתי^{H7650
By myself have I sworn,} נאם^H5002^saith יהוה^H3068^the
LORD, כי^H3588^for יען^H3282^because אשׁר^H834^because עשׂית^H6213^{thou
hast done} את^H853 הדבר^H1697^thing, הזה^H2088^this ולא^H3808^{and
hast not} חשׂכת^H2820^withheld את^H853 בנך^H1121^thy
son, את^H853 יחידך׃^H3173^thine
only

Gen 22:17 כי^H3588^That ברך^{H1288
in blessing} אברכך^{H1288
I will bless} והרבה^{H7235
thee, and in multiplying} ארבה^{H7235
I will multiply} את^H853 זרעך^H2233^thy
seed ככוכבי^H3556^{as
the stars} השׁמים^H8064^{of
the heaven,} וכחול^H2344^{and
as the sand} אשׁר^H834^which על^H5921^upon שׂפת^H8193^shore; הים^H3220^the
sea וירשׁ^H3423^{shall
possess} זרעך^H2233^{and
thy seed} את^H853 שׁער^H8179^the
gate איביו׃^H341^{of
his enemies;}

Gen 22:16 And said, By myself have I sworn, saith the LORD, for because thou hast done this thing, and hast not withheld thy son, thine only son:

Gen 22:17 That in blessing I will bless thee, and in multiplying I will multiply thy seed as the stars of the heaven, and as the sand which is upon the sea shore; and thy seed shall possess the gate of his enemies;

Gen 22:16 λέγων Κατ᾿ ἐμαυτοῦ ὤμοσα, λέγει κύριος, οὗ εἵνεκεν ἐποίησας τὸ ῥῆμα τοῦτο καὶ οὐκ ἐφείσω τοῦ υἱοῦ σου τοῦ ἀγαπητοῦ δι᾿ ἐμέ,

Gen 22:17 ἦ μὴν εὐλογῶν εὐλογήσω σε καὶ πληθύνων πληθυνῶ τὸ σπέρμα σου ὡς τοὺς ἀστέρας τοῦ οὐρανοῦ καὶ ὡς τὴν ἄμμον τὴν παρὰ τὸ χεῖλος τῆς θαλάσσης, καὶ κληρονομήσει τὸ σπέρμα σου τὰς πόλεις τῶν ὑπεναντίων·

Gen 22:16 I have sworn by myself, says the Lord, because thou hast done this thing, and on my account hast not spared thy beloved son,

Gen 22:17 surely blessing I will bless thee, and multiplying I will multiply thy seed as the stars of heaven, and as the sand which is by the shore of the sea, and thy seed shall inherit the cities of their enemies.

عبرانيين 6: 13-14

Heb 6:13 فإنه لما وعد الله إبراهيم، إذ لم يكن له أعظم يقسم به، أقسم بنفسه،

Heb 6:14 قائلا: «إني لأباركنك بركة وأكثرنك تكثيرا».

Heb 6:13 τω ³⁵⁸⁸^T-DSM γαρ For ¹⁰⁶³^CONJ αβρααμ to Abraham ¹¹^N-PRI επαγγειλαμενος made promise ¹⁸⁶¹^V-ADP-NSM ο ³⁵⁸⁸^T-NSM θεος when God ²³¹⁶^N-NSM επει because ¹⁸⁹³^CONJ κατ by ²⁵⁹⁶^PREP ουδενος no ³⁷⁶²^A-GSM ειχεν he could ²¹⁹²^V-IAI-3S μειζονος ³¹⁷³^A-GSM-C ομοσαι swear ^3660
V-AAN ωμοσεν he swore ^{3660
V-AAI-3S} καθ by ^2596
PREP εαυτου himself. ^1438
F-3GSM

Heb 6:14 λεγων Saying ³⁰⁰⁴^V-PAP-NSM η Surely ^2229
PRT μην ^3375
PRT ευλογων blessing ^{2127
V-PAP-NSM} ευλογησω I will bless ^{2127
V-FAI-1S} σε thee ^4571
P-2AS και and ^2532
CONJ πληθυνων multiplying ^{4129
V-PAP-NSM} πληθυνω I will multiply ^{4129
V-FAI-1S} σε thee, ^4571
P-2AS

Heb 6:13 For when God made promise to Abraham, because he could swear by no greater, he sware by himself,

Heb 6:14 Saying, Surely blessing I will bless thee, and multiplying I will multiply thee.

المقطع قسمين

تكوين 22: 16 العبري يتفق مع السبعينية ولكن العهد الجديد عبرانيين 6: 13 يغير الضمير للغائب

فهو فئة 4

تكوين 22: 17 العبري يتفق مع السبعينية يتفق مع العهد الجديد عبرانيين 6: 14

فهو فئة 1

وأيضا يكمل نفس الاصحاح

سفر التكوين 22

22: 18 و يتبارك في نسلك جميع امم الارض من اجل انك سمعت لقولي

فمن نسل إبراهيم المسيح يتبارك فيه كل الارض لأنه رب الارض كلها

واقتبسها العهد الجديد في

سفر التكوين 22: 18

(SVD) ويتبارك في نسلك جميع امم الارض من اجل انك سمعت لقولي».

(IHOT+) והתברכו^{H1288
be blessed;} בזרעך^{H2233
And in thy seed} כל^{H3605
shall all} גויי^{H1471
the nations} הארץ^{H776
of the earth} עקב^H6118^because אשׁר^H834^because שׁמעת^H8085^{thou
hast obeyed} בקלי׃^H6963^my
voice.

(KJV) And in thy seed shall all the nations of the earth be blessed; because thou hast obeyed my voice.

(LXX) καὶ ἐνευλογηθήσονται ἐν τῷ σπέρματί σου πάντα τὰ ἔθνη τῆς γῆς, ἀνθ᾿ ὧν ὑπήκουσας τῆς ἐμῆς φωνῆς.

(Brenton) And in thy seed shall all the nations of the earth be blessed, because thou hast hearkened to my voice.

9 وايضا سفر التكوين 26: 4

(SVD) واكثر نسلك كنجوم السماء واعطي نسلك جميع هذه البلاد وتتبارك في نسلك جميع امم الارض

(IHOT+) והרביתי^H7235^to
multiply את^H853 זרעך^H2233^{And
I will make thy seed} ככוכבי^H3556^{as
the stars} השׁמים^H8064^of
heaven, ונתתי^H5414^{and
will give} לזרעך^H2233^{unto
thy seed} את^H853 כל^H3605^all הארצת^H776^countries; האל^H411^these והתברכו^{H1288
be blessed;} בזרעך^{H2233
and in thy seed} כל^{H3605
shall all} גויי^{H1471
the nations} הארץ׃^{H776
of the earth}

(KJV) And I will make thy seed to multiply as the stars of heaven, and will give unto thy seed all these countries; and in thy seed shall all the nations of the earth be blessed;

(LXX) καὶ πληθυνῶ τὸ σπέρμα σου ὡς τοὺς ἀστέρας τοῦ οὐρανοῦ καὶ δώσω τῷ σπέρματί σου πᾶσαν τὴν γῆν ταύτην, καὶ ἐνευλογηθήσονται ἐν τῷ σπέρματί σου πάντα τὰ ἔθνη τῆς γῆς,

(Brenton) And I will multiply thy seed as the stars of heaven; and I will give to thy seed all this land, and all the nations of the earth shall be blest in thy seed.

اعمال الرسل 3: 25

(SVD) أنتم أبناء الأنبياء والعهد الذي عاهد به الله آباءنا قائلا لإبراهيم: وبنسلك تتبارك جميع قبائل الأرض.

(G-NT-TR (Steph)+) υμεις Ye ⁵²¹⁰^P-2NP εστε are ²⁰⁷⁵^V-PXI-2P υιοι the children ⁵²⁰⁷^N-NPM των of the ³⁵⁸⁸^T-GPM προφητων prophets ⁴³⁹⁶^N-GPM και and ²⁵³²^CONJ της of the ³⁵⁸⁸^T-GSF διαθηκης covenant ¹²⁴²^N-GSF ης which ³⁷³⁹^R-GSF διεθετο made ¹³⁰³^V-2AMI-3S ο the ³⁵⁸⁸^T-NSM θεος God ²³¹⁶^N-NSM προς with ⁴³¹⁴^PREP τους of the ³⁵⁸⁸^T-APM πατερας fathers ³⁹⁶²^N-APM ημων our ²²⁵⁷^P-1GP λεγων saying ³⁰⁰⁴^V-PAP-NSM προς unto ⁴³¹⁴^PREP αβρααμ Abraham ¹¹^N-PRI και And ^2532
CONJ τω ^3588
T-DSN σπερματι seed ^4690
N-DSN σου in thy ^4675
P-2GS ενευλογηθησονται be blessed ^{1757
V-FPI-3P} πασαι shall all ^3956
A-NPF αι ^3588
T-NPF πατριαι kindreds ^3965
N-NPF της ^3588
T-GSF γης earth. ^1093
N-GSF

(KJV) Ye are the children of the prophets, and of the covenant which God made with our fathers, saying unto Abraham, And in thy seed shall all the kindreds of the earth be blessed.

اولا العدد تكوين 22: 18 النص العبري يتطابق مع السبعينية ولكن العهد الجديد يتطابق مع العبري ولكن لم يستخدم الفاظ السبعينة

فهو فئة 2

( غالبا العدد هو من تكوين 26: 4 )

ثانيا العدد في تكوين 26: 4 يتطابق العبري مع السبعينية مع العهد الجديد

فهو فئة 1

من نسل اسحاق

سفر التكوين 26

26 :3 تغرب في هذه الارض فاكون معك و اباركك لاني لك و لنسلك اعطي جميع هذه البلاد و افي بالقسم الذي اقسمت لابراهيم ابيك

26 :4 و اكثر نسلك كنجوم السماء و اعطي نسلك جميع هذه البلاد و تتبارك في نسلك جميع امم الارض

فهو من نسل اسحاق ابن ابراهيم

مدراش رابا تكوين

البلاد هائل ينطبق حتى على الأراضي القوية وتنطبق هائيل جزئيا فقط لهم ولكن متى سيعطيه الباقي؟ في المستقبل المسياني

Genesis 26:3.

Midrash Rabbah, Genesis LXIV, 3.

… FOR UNTO THEE, AND UNTO ALL THY SEED, I WILL GIVE ALL THESE (HA-EL) LANDS (XXVI, 3): HA-EL implies even the strong lands. HA-EL also implies, only part of them, and when will I give you the rest? In the Messianic future.

ووضحت انه اقتبس العهد الجديد في اعمال 3: 25 من تكوين 26: 4

وأيضا مثلها

سفر التكوين 28

28: 4 و يعطيك بركة ابراهيم لك و لنسلك معك لترث ارض غربتك التي اعطاها الله لابراهيم

نبوة ان سلم يعقوب هو عن المسيح

10 سفر التكوين 28: 12

(SVD) وراى حلما واذا سلم منصوبة على الارض وراسها يمس السماء وهوذا ملائكة الله صاعدة ونازلة عليها

(IHOT+) ויחלם^H2492^{And
he dreamed,} והנה^H2009^and
behold סלם^H5551^a
ladder מצב^H5324^set
up ארצה^H776^{on
the earth,} וראשׁו^H7218^{and
the top} מגיע^H5060^{of
it reached} השׁמימה^H8064^to
heaven: והנה^H2009^and
behold מלאכי^{H4397
the angels} אלהים^{H430
of God} עלים^{H5927
ascending} וירדים׃^{H3381
and descending}

(KJV) And he dreamed, and behold a ladder set up on the earth, and the top of it reached to heaven: and behold the angels of God ascending and descending on it.

(LXX) καὶ ἐνυπνιάσθη, καὶ ἰδοὺ κλίμαξ ἐστηριγμένη ἐν τῇ γῇ, ἧς ἡ κεφαλὴ ἀφικνεῖτο εἰς τὸν οὐρανόν, καὶ οἱ ἄγγελοι τοῦ θεοῦ ἀνέβαινον καὶ κατέβαινον ἐπ᾿ αὐτῆς.

(Brenton) and dreamed, and behold a ladder fixed on the earth, whose top reached to heaven, and the angels of God ascended and descended on it.

يوحنا 1: 51

(SVD) وقال له: «الحق الحق أقول لكم: من الآن ترون السماء مفتوحة وملائكة الله يصعدون وينزلون على ابن الإنسان».

(G-NT-TR (Steph)+) και And ²⁵³²^CONJ λεγει he saith ³⁰⁰⁴^V-PAI-3S αυτω unto him ⁸⁴⁶^P-DSM αμην Verily ²⁸¹^HEB αμην verily ²⁸¹^HEB λεγω I say ³⁰⁰⁴^V-PAI-1S υμιν unto you ⁵²¹³^P-2DP απ Hereafter ⁵⁷⁵^PREP αρτι ⁷³⁷^ADV οψεσθε ye shall see ³⁷⁰⁰^V-FDI-2P τον the ³⁵⁸⁸^T-ASM ουρανον heaven ³⁷⁷²^N-ASM ανεωγοτα open ⁴⁵⁵^V-2RPP-ASM και and ²⁵³²^CONJ τους the ^3588
T-APM αγγελους angels ^32
N-APM του ^3588
T-GSM θεου of God ^2316
N-GSM αναβαινοντας ascending ^{305
V-PAP-APM} και and ^2532
CONJ καταβαινοντας descending ^{2597
V-PAP-APM} επι upon ^1909
PREP τον ^3588
T-ASM υιον Son ⁵²⁰⁷^N-ASM του ³⁵⁸⁸^T-GSM ανθρωπου of man. ⁴⁴⁴^N-GSM

(KJV) And he saith unto him, Verily, verily, I say unto you, Hereafter ye shall see heaven open, and the angels of God ascending and descending upon the Son of man.

العدد العبري يختلف قليلا عن السبعينية في زمن تصريف الفعل

العدد العبري يتطابق تقريبا مع العهد الجديد

السبعينية تختلف قليلا عن العهد الجديد في بعض الكلمات وادوات التعريف وتصريف الفعل

فهو فئة 2

سفر التكوين 28

28: 14 و يكون نسلك كتراب الارض و تمتد غربا و شرقا و شمالا و جنوبا و يتبارك فيك و في نسلك جميع قبائل الارض

فهو من نسل يعقوب ابن اسحاق ابن إبراهيم وهذه اقتبسها العهد الجديد

سفر التكوين 28: 14

(SVD) ويكون نسلك كتراب الارض وتمتد غربا وشرقا وشمالا وجنوبا. ويتبارك فيك وفي نسلك جميع قبائل الارض.

(IHOT+) והיה^H1961^shall
be זרעך^H2233^{And
thy seed} כעפר^H6083^{as
the dust} הארץ^H776^{of
the earth,} ופרצת^H6555^{and
thou shalt spread abroad} ימה^H3220^{to
the west,} וקדמה^H6924^{and
to the east,} וצפנה^H6828^{and
to the north,} ונגבה^H5045^{and
to the south:} ונברכו^H1288^be
blessed. בך כל^H3605^shall
all משׁפחת^H4940^the
families האדמה^H127^{of
the earth} ובזרעך׃^{H2233
and in thee and in thy seed}

(KJV) And thy seed shall be as the dust of the earth, and thou shalt spread abroad to the west, and to the east, and to the north, and to the south: and in thee and in thy seed shall all the families of the earth be blessed.

(LXX) καὶ ἔσται τὸ σπέρμα σου ὡς ἡ ἄμμος τῆς γῆς καὶ πλατυνθήσεται ἐπὶ θάλασσαν καὶ ἐπὶ λίβα καὶ ἐπὶ βορρᾶν καὶ ἐπ᾿ ἀνατολάς, καὶ ἐνευλογηθήσονται ἐν σοὶ πᾶσαι αἱ φυλαὶ τῆς γῆς καὶ ἐν τῷ σπέρματί σου.

(Brenton) And thy seed shall be as the sand of the earth; and it shall spread abroad to the sea, and the south, and the north, and to the east; and in thee and in thy seed shall all the tribes of the earth be blessed.

غلاطية 3: 16

(SVD) وأما المواعيد فقيلت في «إبراهيم وفي نسله». لا يقول «وفي الأنسال» كأنه عن كثيرين، بل كأنه عن واحد. و«في نسلك» الذي هو المسيح.

(G-NT-TR (Steph)+) τω were the ³⁵⁸⁸^T-DSM δε Now ¹¹⁶¹^CONJ αβρααμ to Abraham ¹¹^N-PRI ερρηθησαν made ⁴⁴⁸³^V-API-3P αι ³⁵⁸⁸^T-NPF επαγγελιαι promises ¹⁸⁶⁰^N-NPF και and ²⁵³²^CONJ τω ³⁵⁸⁸^T-DSN σπερματι seed ⁴⁶⁹⁰^N-DSN αυτου his ⁸⁴⁶^P-GSM ου not ³⁷⁵⁶^PRT-N λεγει He saith ³⁰⁰⁴^V-PAI-3S και And ²⁵³²^CONJ τοις ³⁵⁸⁸^T-DPN σπερμασιν to seeds ⁴⁶⁹⁰^N-DPN ως as ⁵⁶¹³^ADV επι of ¹⁹⁰⁹^PREP πολλων many ⁴¹⁸³^A-GPN αλλ but ²³⁵^CONJ ως as ⁵⁶¹³^ADV εφ of ¹⁹⁰⁹^PREP ενος one ¹⁵²⁰^A-GSN και And ^2532
CONJ τω ^3588
T-DSN σπερματι seed ^4690
N-DSN σου to thy ^4675
P-2GS ος which ³⁷³⁹^R-NSM εστιν is ²⁰⁷⁶^V-PXI-3S χριστος Christ. ⁵⁵⁴⁷^N-NSM

(KJV) Now to Abraham and his seed were the promises made. He saith not, And to seeds, as of many; but as of one, And to thy seed, which is Christ.

تكوين 17: 7 العبري يتفق مع السبعينية مع العهد الجديد

فهو فئة 1

تكوين 28: 14 العبري يتفق مع السبعينية مع العهد الجديد

فهو فئة 1

تكوين 31

31 :41 الان لي عشرون سنة في بيتك خدمتك اربع عشرة سنة بابنتيك و ست سنين بغنمك و قد غيرت اجرتي عشر مرات

بعض اليهود رؤيا في هذا العدد نبوة ان المسيح يأتي بعد 4000 سنة من بداية الخليقة ويبقى 2000 سنة

التلمود البابلي ابوداه زاراه 9أ-9ب

التاناه ديبي إيليا ظن ان العالم سيستمر الى 6000 سنة اول 2000 سنة تلغى وثاني 2000 سنة هو زمن التوراه والفين سنة تالية هو زمن المسيح ولكن بسبب خطايانا الكثيرة فمرت هذه ولم يأتي المسيح بعد....

Genesis 31:41.

Babylonian Talmud, Abodah Zarah 9a-9b.

… As a mnemonic sign take the verse, Thus I have been twenty years in Thy house.… The Tanna debe Eliyyahu taught: The world is to exist six thousand years: the first two thousand years are to be void; the next two thousand years are the period of the Torah, and the following two thousand years are the period of Messiah. Through our many sins a number of these have already passed [and the Messiah is not yet].…

فبالفعل بعضهم أعلن ان المسيح يجب ان يأتي بعد 4000 سنة من بدا الخليقة وهذا حدث ويبقى الفين سنة وهذا قارب ان يكتمل ولكن للأسف لم يدركوا زمان افتقادهم عندما جاء الرب يسوع المسيح

وكرر بعضهم تعبير مشابه في تفسير مزامير 90: 17

مدراش المزامير الكتاب الرابع مزمور 90: 17

اجعلنا سعداء كما في أيام المسيح" وكم سيكون يوم المسيح راباي اليعازر قال ان الف سنة كما قيل الف سنة في عينه مثل امس مر مزمور 90: 4 راباي يشوع قال الفين سنة لان الأيام بالجمع فهم يومين ويوم عند القدوس المبارك هو الف سنة

Midrash on Psalms, Book Four, Psalm 90, 17.

“Make us glad according to the days of the Messiah.” And how long is the “day” of the Messiah? R. Eliezer asserted: A thousand years, as it is said For a thousand years in Thy sight are but as yesterday when it is past (Ps. 90:4).… R. Joshua said: Two thousand years for the plural days in According to the days wherein Thou hast afflicted us implies two days, one day of the Holy One, blessed be He, being a thousand years, as is said For a thousand years in Thy sight are but as yesterday when it is past.

في تكوين 49 ونبوة شيلوه المهمة عن المسيح الذي يأتي من سبط يهوذا

اليهود أولا اتفقوا ان تعبير

49 :1 و دعا يعقوب بنيه و قال اجتمعوا لانبئكم بما يصيبكم في اخر الايام

هو تعبير نبوي عن أيام المسيح

فيقول مدراش راباه للتكوين

لماذا استدعاهم؟ لكي يظهر لهم النهاية خلاص المسيح

Genesis 49:1.

Midrash Rabbah Genesis XCIX, Second Version, 5.

AND JACOB CALLED UNTO HIS SONS (XLIX, I). Why did he call them? In order to reveal to them the end [Messianic redemption].

ترجوم سودو يوناثان

يعقوب استدعى أبناؤه وقال لهم طهروا أنفسكم

من أي نجاسات وانا ساقول لكم اسرار خفية تكشف يوم النهاية... ويوم النهاية عندما يأتي الملك المسيح كان كشف له ومباشرة اخفيت عنه ولهذا قال لهم بدل من اكشف لكم اليوم فقال تعالوا لانبأكم ما سيحدث لكم في نهاية الأيام.

Genesis 49:1.

Targum Pseudo-Jonathan.

Then Jacob called to his sons and said unto them “Purify yourselves of uncleanness, and I will tell you the hidden secrets, the concealed date of the End, … as soon as the date of the End when the King Messiah would arrive was revealed to him, it was immediately concealed from him, and therefore, instead (of revealing the date) he said: “Come”, and I will relate to you what will happen to you at the end of days.”

أجزاء ترجوم اسفار موسى

كان سيكشف لهم ما سيحدث في النهاية وقت المسيح ....

Genesis 49:1.

Fragmentary Targum to the Pentateuch.

… For he was revealing to them all that was going to occur at the very end, the time of the Messiah. But as soon as it was revealed to him it became concealed from him. So Jacob arose and blessed them, each according to his deserts.

The attempted revelation of the date of the advent of Messiah by Jacob, and its sudden withdrawal are discussed in Genesis Rabbah 98:2.

49 :8 يهوذا اياك يحمد اخوتك يدك على قفا اعدائك يسجد لك بنو ابيك

مدراش رابا سفر العدد

.... سبط يهوذا الحكيم العظيم بينهم يمتلك تقليد من ابونا يعقوب بان الكل ينحني للسبط حتى أيام المسيح ....

Genesis 49:8.

Midrash Rabbah, Numbers XIII, 14.

Judah, thee shall thy brethren praise … thy father’s sons shall bow down before thee. Judah is a lion’s whelp, etc. (Gen. XLIX, 8 f.). The tribe of Judah-the wise and the great among them-possessed a tradition from our father Jacob as to all that would befall the whole tribe until the days of the Messiah. Every one of the tribes similarly possessed such traditions from their father Jacob as to what would happen to them until the days of the Messiah.… How do we know the same of King Messiah? Because it is written, He shall have dominion also from sea to sea, and from the river unto the ends of the earth. (Ps. LXXII, 8). How do we know that He will hold sway on land? Because it is written, All kings shall prostrate themselves before him; all nations shall serve him (Ps. LXXII, 11) and it also says, Behold there came with the clouds of heaven one like unto a son of man … and there was given unto him dominion … that all the peoples … should serve him, etc. (Dan. VII, 14); And the stone which smote the image became a great mountain, and filled the whole earth (Dan. 2, 35) … since the nations brought gifts to Solomon and will in time to come to bring similarly to the King Messiah; as you read, the Kings of Sheba and Seba shall offer gifts (Ps. LXXII, 10).

49 :9 يهوذا جرو اسد من فريسة صعدت يا ابني جثا و ربض كاسد و كلبوة من ينهضه

مدراش راباه

باباي هاما ابن راباي حنانيا قال هو إشارة للمسيح ابن داود الذي اتى من سبطين ابيه من يهوذا وامه من دان وهذا يرتبط بان الأسد مكتوب يهوذا جرو اسد وأيضا دان شبل اسد في تثنية 33: 22

Genesis 49:9a.

Midrash Rabbah, New Version XCVII.

… JUDAH IS A LION’S WHELP (XLIX, 9). R. Hama b. R Hanina said: This alludes to Messiah the son of David who was descended from two tribes, his father being from Judah and his mother from Dan, in connection with both of which ‘lion’ is written: JUDAH IS A LION’S WHELP; Dan is a lion’s whelp (Deut. XXXIII, 22).

جثا وربض كاسد من صدقيا الى المسيح ... يهوذا سيكون بلا قوة حتى يتم خلاصه

Genesis 49:9b.

Midrash Rabbah, Genesis XCVIII, 7.

… Others explain: From Perez unto Zedekiah, HE STOOPED, HE COUCHED; from Zedekiah until the Messiah, ‘He couched, he lay down’. In this world, ‘He stooped down, he lay down’ in the Messianic era, HE STOOPED DOWN, HE COUCHED; when he had no enemies, HE STOOPED, HE COUCHED; until all his enemies are no more, ‘He couched, he lay down’.

A footnote in the Midrash to the era from Zedekiah to Messiah reads of Judah: ’In this period he is powerless, until He will actually be redeemed.

سفر التكوين 49

49: 10 لا يزول قضيب من يهوذا و مشترع من بين رجليه حتى ياتي شيلون و له يكون خضوع شعوب

فهو من نسل يهوذا ابن يعقوب ابن اسحاق ابن ابراهيم

وهو شيلوه اي الذي له كل شيئ وهو تعبير يؤكد ناسوته ولاهوته معا

وأيضا هي تحدد ميعاد مجيء المسيح قبل مباشره من زوال حكم اليهود لأنفسهم وزوال تشريعهم

لان القضيب هي سلطة كل سبط وتميزه فيقول ان قد يفقد ضيب اسباط كثيره الا سبط يهوذا الذي يبقي حتى يأتي المسيح ثم يزول قضيب سبط يهوذا وايضا ينهار السلطة التشريعية ونلاحظ ان في فترة السبي لم يفقد سبط يهوذا قضيبه وظل تحت السبي ولكن يحكم نفسه واستمر هذا في عصر المكابيين حتي حكم هيرودس الكبير وهو ليس يهودي ثم اتي ارخيلاوس ابن هيرودس عام 11 م ونزع حق مجمع السنهدريم في اصدار قضاء بالاعدام ويقول التلمود: قبل خراب الهيكل بأكثر من أربعين سنة سلب الرومان حق إصدار حكم الإِعدام من اليهود. ويقول الربي رشمن إن أعضاء السنهدريم وقتها ذرُّوا الرماد على رؤوسهم، ولبسوا المسوح على أجسادهم، وصرخوا: ويل لنا، فقد زال القضيب من سبط يهوذا قبل أن يجيء المسيا

ويقول اليهود

ترجوم اونكيلوس

توصيل السلطة لن ينتهي من بيت يهوذا ولا التشريع من أبناء أبناؤه للابد حتى يأتي المسيح. الذي له تنتمي المملكة وله الأمم ستخضع

Genesis 49:10.

Targum Onkelos.

The transmission of dominion shall not cease from the house of Judah, nor the scribe from his children’s children, forever, until the Messiah comes. to whom the kingdom belongs, and whom nations shall obey.

ونفس الامر في ترجو سودو يوناثان وغيره

Genesis 49:10.

Targum Pseudo-Jonathan.

Kings and rulers shall not cease from the house of Judah, nor scribes who teach the Torah from his seed, until the time when the King Messiah shall come, the youngest of his sons, and because of him nations shall melt away.

Genesis 49:10.

Fragmentary Targum.

King shall not cease from the house of Judah, nor scribes who teach the Torah from his children’s children, until the time of the coming of the King Messiah, to whom belongs the Kingdom, and to whom all dominions of the earth shall become subservient.

Genesis 49:10a.

Midrash Rabbah, Genesis XCVII, New Version.

… Another interpretation: THE SCEPTRE [STAFF] SHALL NOT DEPART FROM JUDAH alludes to the Messiah, son of David, who will chastise the State with a staff, as it says, Thou shalt break them with a rod [staff] of iron (Ps. 11, 9).

Genesis 49:10a.

Midrash Rabbah, Genesis XCIX, 8-9.

… THE SCEPTRE SHALL NOT DEPART FORM JUDAH (XLIX, 10): this refers to the throne of kingship—The throne given of God is for ever and ever; a sceptre of equity is the sceptre of thy kingdom (Ps. XLV, 7). When will that be?—NOR THE RULER’S STAFF FROM BETWEEN HIS FEET: when he comes of whom it is written, The crown of pride of the drunkards of Ephraim shall be trodden under foot (Isa. XXVIII, 3).

The footnote at the end of that quote reads, ‘Which the Midrash refers to the Messianic era. v. supra, XCVII (NV), p.906’.

Genesis 49:10a.

Midrash on Proverbs, Chapter 19, 21.

… Just as in the case of a plant from the moment you plant it, its place is recognizable, so too did God plant kingship in the Tribe of Judah until the Messiah shall sprout forth, as it is said, The scepter shall not depart from Judah, etc. (Gen. 49:10). R. Huna said: The Messiah has been given seven names, and these are: Yinnon, Our Righteousness, Shoot, Comforter, David, Shiloh, Elijah.

Where [in Scripture] is Yinnon? In the verse, His name was Yinnon before the sun (Ps. 72:17). Where [in Scripture] is Our Righteousness? In the verse, And this is the name by which he shall be called: Our Righteousness (Jer. 23:6). Where [in Scripture] is Shoot? In the verse Behold a man called the Shoot, shall shoot out from the place where he is, and he shall build the Temple of the Lord (Zech. 6:12). Where [in Scripture] is Comforter? In the verse, For the Lord has comforted His people, and has taken back His afflicted ones (Isa. 49:13). Where [in Scripture] is David? In the verse, He accords great victories to His king, [keeps faith with his anointed, with David] (Ps. 18:51). Where [in Scripture] is Elijah? In the verse, Lo, I will send the prophet Elijah to you (Mal. 3:23).

Genesis 49:10b.

Midrash Rabbah, Genesis XCIX. 8.

… When will that be?—NOR THE RULER’S STAFF FROM BETWEEN HIS FEET: when he comes of whom it is written, The crown of pride of the drunkards of Ephraim shall be trodden under foot (Isa XXVIII, 3).

The footnote at the end of that quote reads, ‘Which the Midrash refers to the Messianic era. v. supra, XCVII (NV), p.906’.

Genesis 49:10c.

Midrash Rabbah, Lamentations I, 16, § 51.

… The school of R. Shila said: The Messiah’s name is ‘Shiloh’, as it is stated, Until Shiloh come (Gen. XLIX, 10), where the word is spelt Shlh.

The Midrash’s footnote here is quite interesting and lengthy: ‘The point is not clear. The received text is actually שׁילֹה not שׁלה as the Midrash states. Following M.K. and ’E.J. the passage is to be explained thus: The school of R. Shila said: The Messiah’s name is ’Shilah’ (not ‘Shiloh’), as it is stated, Until Shiloh come, where the word is written Shilah (שׁילֹה as emended), i.e. without a waw at the end, and so it may read, ‘Shilah’.

Genesis 49:10c.

Midrash Rabbah, Genesis XCIX, 8-9.

… UNTIL SHILOH COMETH: he to whom kingship belongs (shelo).

Rather than transliterating into English “Shilo” as though it were a proper name, the Rabbis translated the exact meaning of “Shilo” as “to whom it belongs/pertains.”

Genesis 49:10c.

Midrash Rabbah, Genesis XCVIII, 9.

… UNTIL SHILOH COMETH: this alludes to the royal Messiah.

Genesis 49:10c.

Midrash Rabbah, Genesis, New Version XCVII.

… UNTIL SHILOH COME. This indicates that all the nations of the world will bring a gift to Messiah the son of David, as it says, In that time shall a present be brought (yubal shay) unto the Lord of hosts (Isa XVIII, 7). Transpose ‘yubal shay’ and expound it, and you find that it reads Shiloh

The footnote in the Midrash explains: ‘The Hebrew יבא שׂילה is similar to יוֹבל שׂי, if some letters in the former are transposed. The Midrash renders: Until he cometh to whom the present belongs.’

Genesis 49:10d.

Midrash Rabbah, Genesis XCVIII, 8.

… AND UNTO HIM SHALL THE OBEDIENCE (YIKHATH) OF THE PEOPLE BE: he [the Messiah] will come and set on edge (makheh) the teeth of the nations of the world.

The footnote to the Midrash adds: ‘He will upbraid them and show them how wrongly they had acted’.

49 :11 رابطا بالكرمة جحشه و بالجفنة ابن اتانه غسل بالخمر لباسه و بدم العنب ثوبه

Genesis 49:11.

Targum Pseudo-Jonathan.

How beautiful is the King Messiah who is destined to arise from the house of Judah! He has girded his loins and gone down to battle against his enemies, destroying kings and their power, and there is neither king nor power that can withstand him. He reddens the mountains with the blood of their slain. His garments are saturated with blood, like those of him who presses the grapes.

Genesis 49:11.

Fragmentary Targum.

How beautiful is he, the King Messiah, who is destined to arise from the house of Judah. He has girded his loins and gone forth to battle against his enemies, slaying kings and rulers, and making the mountains red with the blood of their slain and the hills white with the fat of their mighty ones. His garments are saturated with blood, and he is like the treader of grapes.

Genesis 49:11.

Midrash Rabbah, Genesis XCVIII, 9.

BINDING HIS FOAL (’IRO) UNTO THE VINE (XLIX, 11). R. Judah, R. Nehemiah, and the Rabbis discuss this verse. R. Judah explained it: When a vine has a poor yield, an ass is tied to it, [and this too is the meaning of] AND HIS ASS’S COLT (BENI ATHONO) UNTO THE HOICE VINE … AND BENI ATHONO UNTO THE CHOICE VINE means: [morally] strong sons (banim ethanim) will spring from him. The Rabbis interpreted: ‘I,’ [said God], ‘am bound to the vine and the choice vine’ [Israel]. HIS FOAL AND HIS COLT intimate: when he will come of whom it is written, Lowly, and riding upon an ass, even upon a colt the foal of an ass (Zech. IX, 9).

Of the Messiah the footnote here reads: ‘It will then be seen how God is knit (‘bound’) to Israel’.

Genesis 49:11.

Midrash Rabbah, Genesis XCVIII, 9.

… HE WASHETH HIS GARMENTS IN WINE, intimates that he [the Messiah] will compose for them words of Torah; AND HIS VESTURE IN THE BLOOD OF GRAPES—that he will restore to them their errors. R. Hanin said: Israel will not require the teaching of the royal Messiah in the future, for it says, Unto Him shall the nations seek (Isa. XI, 10), but not Israel. If so, for what purpose will the royal Messiah come, and what will he do? He will come to assemble the exiles of Israel and to give them [the Gentiles] thirty precepts, as it says, And I said unto them: If ye think good, give me my hire; and if not, forbear. So they weighed for my hire thirty pieces of silver (Zech. XI, 12).

49 :12 مسود العينين من الخمر و مبيض الاسنان من اللبن

Genesis 49:12.

Targum Pseudo-Jonathan.

How beautiful are the eyes of the King Messiah, as pure wine! He will not see incestuous practice or the shedding of innocent blood, And his teeth are more pure than milk, for he will not tolerate as food that which is seized by force or taken by robbery.

Genesis 49:12.

Fragmentary Targum.

How beautiful to behold are they, the eyes of the King Messiah, more so than pure wine, not looking upon incest and the shedding of innocent blood. His teeth are pure, according to the Halakah, refraining from partaking of that which is taken by violence or robbery. His mountains shall be red with vines, his presses with wine. His hills shall be white with abundance of his grain and flocks of his sheep.

والمجد لله دائما