الرجوع إلى لائحة المقالات الرجوع إلى هل انا والأب واحد تساوي ليكونوا واحد

يو 10: 30يو 17: 22

هل انا والأب واحد تساوي ليكونوا واحد يوحنا 10: 30 ويوحنا 17: 22

 

Holy_bible_1

 

في البداية ارجو الرجوع الى ملف 

هل تعبير ليكونوا واحدا كما نحن يثبت ان المسيح ليس واحد مع الاب في الجوهر ؟ يوحنا 10: 30 و يوحنا 17: 11 - 23

والذي وضحت فيه الفرق بين قول المسيح انا والأب واحد وبين قوله لِيَكُونُوا وَاحِدًا كَمَا نَحْنُ 

ووضحت فيه بالاعداد الكثيرة ان الابن والابن واحد لانه الخ واحد لهذا هم واحد في الكيان والكرامة والعمل والمعرفة والايمان به والرؤيا والملكية والسلطان والقدرة والخلق وإعطاء الحياة ومغفرة الخطايا والدينونة والمجد واللامحدودية والازلية الأبدية وغيرها 

وكل هذا لأنه إله واحد وهذا فهمه اليهود من كلامه ولهذا حاولوا رجمه 

فالمسيح وضح لاهوته ووحدانيته مع الاب المطلقة في الذات والصفات واليهود فهموا ذلك جيدا ولذلك طلبوا ان يرجموه

اما عن البشر ليكونوا واحد فهم كانوا متفرقين وجمعهم المسيح والروح القدس سيكمل تجميعهم ولهذا يقول ليكونوا في المستقبل 

 وتعبير ليكونوا واحد هو واحد في المحبة وفي الروح القدس والغاية والفكر والحياة المسيحية

فهم يكونوا واحد بواسطة المسيح الواحد الذي يحل في قلوبهم كلهم وبمعني لو ربط كثيرين بحبل واحد فهم اصبحوا واحد ليس لانهم واحد ولكن لان المسيح الواحد في قلوبهم وايضا الروح القدس الذي يجمعهم معا الذي هو يشبه الرباط المقدس رباط السلام 

وجسد المسيح الواحد الذي يتناولوا منه وروح قدس واحد يحل عليهم فهم وحدتهم ليس وحدة طبيعه ولكن وحدة تبني بقبول الله 

فالايمان يجعلهم واحد بالتبني وليس بالطبيعه  

ويربطهم المعمودية الواحدة

وقدمت اعداد كثيرة تشرح هذا 

 

ولكن في هذا الملف اريد ان اشرح الفرق التعبير اللغوي اليوناني بين انا والأب واحد وأيضا نحن واحد وبين عن البشير يكونوا واحد 

نلاحظ في عدد 

إنجيل يوحنا 10: 

30 أَنَا وَالآبُ وَاحِدٌ».

اليوناني أكثر دقة فيقول 

εγωG1473 I   καιG2532 AND   οG3588 THE   πατηρG3962 FATHER   ενG1520 ONE   εσμενG2070 [G5748] exist.  

εγωG1473 I   καιG2532 AND   οG3588 THE   πατηρG3962 FATHER   ενG1520 ONE   εσμενG2070 [G5748] ARE.  

ايجو كاي او باتير اين اسمين 

نلاحظ في اليوناني كلمة أخرى بعد كلمة واحد وهي كلمة اسمين 

كلمة اسمين التي تعني كيان ووجود وهي من مصدر ايمي الذي شرحته سابقا في

تعبير ايجو ايمي انا هو ولاهوت المسيح

فكلمة اسمين تعني كيان 

فهو حرفيا في اليوناني " انا و الاب كيان واحد " فكلمة " اسمين " في اليوناني هو فعل  كينونة فهو يتكلم عن كينونته والاب واحد وليس اثنين او اتحاد بين شيئين  

فهو يتكلم عن الوحدانية فلهذا هو 

Unity not union

أيضا في العدد الثاني نجد ان استخدمت اسمين على وحدانية المسيح والأب وليس اتحاد البشر معا بالمسيح 

إنجيل يوحنا 17: 22

 

وَأَنَا قَدْ أَعْطَيْتُهُمُ الْمَجْدَ الَّذِي أَعْطَيْتَنِي، لِيَكُونُوا وَاحِدًا كَمَا أَنَّنَا نَحْنُ وَاحِدٌ.

καιG2532 AND   εγωG1473 I   τηνG3588 THE   δοξανG1391 GLORY   ηνG3739 WHICH   δεδωκαςG1325 [G5758] THOU HAST GIVEN   μοιG3427 ME   δεδωκαG1325 [G5758] HAVE GIVEN   αυτοιςG846 THEM,   ιναG2443 THAT   ωσινG5600 [G5753] THEY MAY BE   ενG1520 ONE,   καθωςG2531 AS   ημειςG2249 WE   ενG1520 ONE   εσμενG2070 [G5748] ARE :

فالاب والابن واحد كيان اما البشر يتجمعوا معا ولكن هو في الأصل ليسوا كيان واحد

وندرس كلمة اسمين معا 

بعض القواميس ميزتها عن ايمي وبعض القواميس جعلتها من تصريفات ايمي فهي بالفعل من تصريفات كلمة ايمي أي أكون 

أولا قاموس سترونج 

G2070

ἐσμέν

esmen

es-men'

Frist person plural indicative of G1510; we are: - are, be, have our being, X have hope, + [the gospel] was [preached unto] us.

نحن نكون, كيان كياننا....

قاموس ثيور 

G2070

ἐσμέν

esmen

Thayer Definition:

1) first person plural of “to be”

مباشر جمع من أكون 

يقول قاموس 

Analytical lexicon of the Greek New Testament. Baker's Greek New Testament library

εἰμί inf. εἶναιimpf. mid. ἤμηνfut. mid. ἔσομαιI. as a predicate be, relating to what exists; (1) to denote God’s existence (HE 11.6);  ὤν the one who is, exists (RV 1.4); (2) to denote Christ’s self-designation of himself ἐγώ εἰI am (JN 8.58); (3) to denote temporal existence live (MT 23.30); (4) to denote a sojourn in a place stay, reside (MT 2.13); (5) to denote what happens, such as phenomena and events be, take place, occur, happen (ἦν JN 9.16); (6) with indications of time (JN 4.6b); (7) of what is on the scene (MK 8.1) or available (AC 7.12); (8) impersonally ἔστιν followed by an infinitive it is possible (HE 9.5); II. as a copulative verb; (1) linking subject to predicate (MK 3.11); (2) introducing an explanation or equivalence in another language τοῦτ̓ ἔστιν and  ἐστιν that is, which means (MT 27.46; MK 3.17); (3) constructed with a variety of adverbs, prepositions, nouns, etc., translated according to the context

1 

من ايمي ايمين ايسوميا وتعني انا بمعنى أكون من معنى كيان: وتقصد وجود الله الواحد الكائن رؤيا 1: 4 .....

 

وقاموس 

Léxico Hebraico, Aramaico e Grego de Strong

2070 εσμεν esmen

de 1510; v εἰμί [eimi /i·mee/] v. The first person singular present indicative, a prolonged form of a primary and defective verb; TDNT 2:398TDNTA 206; GK 1639; 146 occurrences; AV translates as “I am + 1473” 74 times, “am” 55 times, “it is I + 1473” six times, “be” twice, “I was + 1473” once, “have been” once, and not translated seven times. 1 to be, to exist, to happen, to be present.

2 

شخص اول مفرد حاضر وتنتمي الى فعل أولى ..... وتشير الى الوجود وتترجم أكون 1473 مرة و74 مرة وانا 55 مرة .....وتعني أكون كائن حدث حاضر 

 

وقاموس 

Theological dictionary of the New Testament

Εσμεν

1. Already in the LXX the abstract  ὤν is used for God. In Ex. 3:14 the intentionally obscure self-designation שֶׁר אֶהְיֶה or אֶהְיֶה is pregnantly, if with a certain rationalisation, translated ἐγώ εἰμι  ὤν or  ὤν. This leads Greek speaking Jews to use  ὤν as a name for God.2 Philo employs it frequently, as also the weaker τὸ ὄν;3 for him  ὤν is the true name of God (Abr., 121), and worship of God as He who is constitutes true piety (Deus Imm., 69). Josephus, too, is familiar with  ὤν as a divine predicate, cf. πεῖσαι δὲ τὸν λαὸν ὅτι μόνος εἴη  θεὸς  ὤνὃν ἀπʼ ἀρχῆς ἐθρήσκευσαν (Ant., 8, 350). In his rendering of Ex. 3:14 he expressly conceals the name which God gave Himself (Ant., 2, 276).

In the NT  ὤν is a name for God only in Rev. in the forms  ὢν καὶ  ἦν (11:17; 16:5),  ὢν καὶ  ἦν καὶ  ἐρχόμενος (1:4, 8), and  ἦν καὶ  ὢν καὶ  ἐρχόμενος (4:8);  345; 351. The formulae occur in God’s self-predication (1:8), in worship (4:8; 11:17; 16:5), and in salutation (1:4). This explains the nondeclinability of  ὤν and the use of ἦν as a kind of participle. Linguistically, this is difficult, but it is not due to negligence. It is designed to preserve the sanctity of the divine self-designation.4 The formula expresses the supra-temporality, eternity and deity of God. It is thus used with παντοκράτωρ (1:8; 4:8; 11:17), as also with the ἅγιοςἅγιοςἅγιος of Is. 6:3.

2. ἐγώ εἰμι or ὅγώ εἰμι is a self-designation of Jesus in Jn. 8:58 and 8:24, 28; 13:19. In 8:58 it stands in unmistakable contrast to πρὶν Ἀβραὰμ γενέσθαι. This is the only passage in the NT where we have the contrast between εἶναι and γενέσθαι. The verse ascribes to Jesus consciousness of eternity or supra-temporality.10 To the Son who is equal to the Father (5:18ff.) there is here ascribed what Scripture attributes to the Father; cf. the אֲנִי הוּא in Is. 43:10 (LXX: ὅτι ἰγώ εἰμι), in which the whole Godhead of God is discerned, i.e., all that distinguishes Him from false gods. The Jewish conception is fully adequate to explain the strong emphasis here laid on εἶναι.3 

4 

في السبعينية بالفعل تستخدم لله في خروج 3: 14 تشير الي تمييز شخصي مقصود واضح اهيه اشير اهيه وبكل تأكيد تعبير يترجم الى ايجو ايمي او هون وهذا يقود لليهود المتكلمين اليونانية ان يستخدموا او هون كاسم لله .......تعبر عن اسم الله أعطاه لنفسه 

وفي العهد الجديد هو اسم لله في رؤيا 11: 17 او هو كاي او اين .....

 

وقاموس 

A Concise Greek-English dictionary of the New Testament

εἰμί (impv. ἴσθιἔστω and ἤτω, 3 pl. ἔστωσαν ; inf. εἶναι ; impf. ἦν and ἤμην ; fut. ἔσομαι ) be, exist; happen, take place; live; be located in; remain, stay; come (Jn 7:28, 29; 19:9); go (Jn 7:34, 36); οὐκ ἔστιν it is not possible (1 Cor 11:20; He 9:5);  ἐστιντοῦτ’ ἔστιν that means, that is to say; εἰμὶ ἐκ belong to, be one of

5 

أكون اوجد يحدث ..... انتمى ل, أكون واحد 

 

قاموس

Dictionary of Biblical Languages with Semantic Domains

1639 εἰμί (eimi): vb.;  Str 1488 & 1498 & 1510 & 1511 & 1526 & 2070 & 2071 & 2252 & 2258 & 2277 & 2468 & 5600 & 5607; TDNT 2.3981. LN 13.1 be, exist (Mt 11:29); 2. LN 13.4 be identical, exact correspondence (Mk 3:11; 1Jn 2:22, 25); 3. LN 13.69 exist, without contingency (Heb 11:6); 4. LN 13.104 happen, occur (Mk 14:2); 5. LN 85.1 be in a place (Lk 2:49); 6. LN 71.1 be possible (Heb 9:5); 7. LN 58.67 belong to a particular class (Lk 19:2; Jn 1:1); 8. LN 58.68 represent, stand for (Gal 4:25), note: see LN index for a fuller treatment of the lexical units. Note there is a multitude of forms for this verb as is common for copulative verbs in many languages. A little study in a grammar for the time, aspect, and action markers will bear much fruit your Greek reading.

6 

 

وأيضا نفس المعاني وتوضح تعبير كيان 

وغيرها الكثير من القواميس 

اضع بعض منهم 

εἰμί (Hom.+) impv. ἴσθιἔσο IPol 4:1, ἔστω—also colloq. ἤτω (BGU 276, 24; 419, 13; POxy 533, 9; Ps 103:31; 1 Macc 10:31) 1 Cor 16:22Js 5:121 Cl 48:5; Hv 3, 3, 4;—3 pers. pl. ἔστωσαν (ins since 200 b.c. Meisterhans3-Schw. 191; PPetr III, 2, 22 [237 b.c.]) Lk 12:351 Ti 3:12GJs 7:2. Inf. εἶναι. Impf. 1 pers. only mid. ἤμην (Jos., Bell. 1, 389; 631; s. further below); ἦν only Ac 20:18 D, 2 pers. ἦσθα (Jos., Ant. 6, 104) Mt 26:69Mk 14:67 and ἦς (Lobeck, Phryn. 149 ‘say ἦσθα’; Jos., Ant. 17, 110 al.; Sb 6262, 16 [III a.d.]) Mt 25:21, 23 al., 3 sg. ἦν, 1 pl. ἦμεν. Beside this the mid. form ἤμην (pap since III b.c.; Job 29:16; Tob 12:13 BA), s. above, gives the pl. ἤμεθα (pap since III b.c.; Bar 1:19) Mt 23:30Ac 27:37Eph 2:3. Both forms in succession Gal. 4:3. Fut. ἔσομαιptc. ἐσόμενος. The mss. vary in choice of act. or mid., but like the edd. lean toward the mid. (W-S. §14, 1; Mlt-H. 201–3; Rob. indexB-D-F §98; Rdm.2 99; 101f; Helbing 108f; Reinhold 86f). Also s. ἔνι.

 be, exist, be on hand a pred. use (for other pred. use s. 3a, 4, 5, 6, 7): of God (Epicurus in Diog. L. 10, 123 θεοί εἰσιν; Zaleucus in Diod S 12, 20, 2 θεοὺς εἶναι; Wsd 12:13; Just., D. 128, 4 angels) ἔστιν  θεός God exists Hb 11:6cp. 1 Cor 8:5.  ὢν καὶ  ἦν the one who is and who was (cp. SibOr 3, 16; as amulet PMich 155, 3 [II a.d. ὢν θεὸς  Ἰάω κύριος παντοκράτωρ=the god … who exists.) Rv 11:1716:5.  ὢν καὶ  ἦν καὶ  ἐρχόμενος, in this and the two preceding passages ἦν is treated as a ptc. (for the unusual use of ἦν cp. Simonides 74 D.: ἦν ἑκατὸν φιάλαι1:44:8 (cp. Ex 3:14; Wsd 13:1; Paus. 10, 12, 10 Ζεὺς ἦνΖἔστιΖἔσσεται; cp. Theosophien 18. S. OWeinreich, ARW 19, 1919, 178f). οὐδʼ εἶναι θεὸν παντοκράτορα AcPlCor 1:11. ἐγώ εἰμι (ins in the Athena-Isis temple of Saïs in Plut., Is. et Os. 9, 354c: ἐγώ εἰμι πᾶν τὸ γεγονὸς κὸ̓ν κἐσόμενον. On the role of Isis in Gk. rel. s. IBergman, Ich bin Isis ’68; RMerkelbach, Isis Regina—Zeus Sarapis ’95; for further lit. s. MGustafson in: Prayer fr. Alexander to Constantine, ed. MKiley et al. ’97, 158.) Rv 1:8 (s. ἐγώ beg.).  ὤν θεός Ro 9:5 is classed here and taken to mean Christ by JWordsworth ad loc. and HWarner, JTS 48, ’47, 203f. Of the λόγοςἐν ἀρχῇ ἦν  λJ 1:1 (for ἦν cp. Herm. Wr. 1, 4; 3, 1b ἦν σκότοςFgm. IX 1 p. 422, 23 Sc. γέγονεν  ὕλη καὶ ἦν).—Of Christ πρὶν βραὰμ γενέσθαιἐγὼ εἰμί before Abraham was born, I am 8:58 (on the pres. εἰμί cp. Parmenides 8, 5: of the Eternal we cannot say ἦν οὐδʼ ἔσται, only ἔστινAmmonius Hermiae [Comm. in Aristotl. IV 5 ed. ABusse 1897] 6 p. 172: in Timaeus we read that we must not say of the gods τὸ ἦν  τὸ ἔσται μεταβολῆς τινος ὄντα σημαντικάμόνον δὲ τὸ ἔστι=‘was’ or ‘will be’, suggesting change, but only ‘is’; Ps 89:2; DBall, ‘I Am’ in John’s Gospel [JSNT Suppl. 124] ’96).—Of the world πρὸ τοῦ τὸν κόσμον εἶναι before the world existed 17:5. Satirically, of the beast, who parodies the Lamb, ἦν καὶ οὐκ ἔστιν Rv 17:8. Of God’s temple: ἔστιν B 16:6f it exists. τὸ μὴ ὄν that which does not exist, the unreal (Sallust. 17 p. 32, 7 and 9; Philo, Aet. M. 5; 82) Hm 1:1. τὰ ὄντα that which exists contrasted w. τὰ μὴ ὄντα Ro 4:17; cp. 1 Cor 1:282 Cl 1:8. Of God κτίσας ἐκ τοῦ μὴ ὄντος τὰ ὄντα what is out of what is not Hv 1, 1, 6 (on the contrast τὰ ὄντα and τὰ μὴ ὄντα cp. Ps.-Arist. on Xenophanes: Fgm. 21, 28; Artem. 1, 51 p. 49, 19 τὰ μὴ ὄντα ὡς ὄνταOcellus Luc. 12; Sallust. 17, 5 p. 30, 28–32, 12; Philo, Op. M. 81; PGM 4, 3077f ποιήσαντα τὰ πάντα ἐξ ὧν οὐκ ὄντων εἰς τὸ εἶναι; 13, 272f τὸν ἐκ μὴ ὄντων εἶναι ποιήσαντα καὶ ἐξ ὄντων μὴ εἶναιTheoph. Ant. 1, 4 [p. 64, 21] τὰ πάντα  θεὸς ἐποίησεν ἐξ οὐκ ὄντων εἰς τὸ εἶναι).—Of existing in the sense be present, available, provided πολλοῦ ὄχλου ὄντος since a large crowd was present Mk 8:1. ὄντων τῶν προσφερόντων those are provided who offer Hb 8:4. οὔπω ἦν πνεῦμα the Spirit had not yet come J 7:39. ἀκούσας ὄντα σιτία when he heard that grain was available Ac 7:12.—Freq. used to introduce parables and stories (once) there was: ἄνθρωπός τις ἦν πλούσιος there was (once) a rich man Lk 16:1, 19. ἦν ἄνθρωπος ἐκ τΦαρισαίων there was a man among the Pharisees J 3:1.There is, there are ὥσπερ εἰσὶν θεοὶ πολλοί as there are many gods 1 Cor 8:5. διαιρέσεις χαρισμάτων εἰσίν there are various kinds of spiritual gifts 12:4ff; 1J 5:16 al. Neg. οὐκ ἔστι there is (are) not, no (Ps 52:2; Simplicius in Epict. p. 95, 42 as a quot. from ‘tragedy’ οὐκ εἰσὶν θεοίδίκαιος there is no righteous man Ro 3:10 (Eccl 7:20). ἀνάστασις νεκρῶν οὐκ ἔστιν there is no resurr. of the dead 1 Cor 15:12οὐδʼ εἶναι ἀνάστασιν AcPlCor 1:12; 2:24; cp. Mt 22:23Ac 23:8 (cp. 2 Macc 7:14). εἰσὶν οἵ, or οἵτινες there are people who (Hom. et al.; LXX; Just., D. 47, 2 εἰ μήτι εἰσὶν οἱ λέγοντες ὅτι etc.—W. sing. and pl. combined: Arrian, Ind. 24, 9 ἔστι δὲ οἳ διέφυγον=but there are some who escaped) Mt 16:2819:12Mk 9:1Lk 9:27J 6:64Ac 11:20. Neg. οὐδείς ἐστιν ὅς there is no one who Mk 9:3910:29Lk 1:6118:29. As a question τίς ἐστιν ὅς; who is there that? Mt 12:11—In an unusual (perh. bureaucratic terminology) participial construction Ac 13:1  οὖσα ἐκκλησία the congregation there (cp. Ps.-Pla., Eryx. 6, 394c οἱ ὄντες ἄνθρωποι=the people with whom he has to deal; PLond III 1168, 5 p. 136 [18 a.d.ἐπὶ ταῖς οὔσαις γειτνίαις=on the adjoining areas there; PGen 49; PSI 229, 1τοῦ ὄντος μηνός of the current month); cp. 14:13.αἱ οὖσαι (sc. ἐξουσίαιthose that exist Ro 13:1 (cp. UPZ 180a I, 4 [113 b.c.ἐφʼ ἱερέων καὶ ἱερειῶν τῶν ὄντων καὶ οὐσῶν).

 to be in close connection (with), is, freq. in statements of identity or equation, as a copula, the equative function, uniting subject and predicate. On absence of the copula, Mlt-Turner 294–310.

 gener. πραΰς εἰμι I am gentle Mt 11:29. ἐγώ εἰμι Γαβριήλ Lk 1:19. σὺ εἶ  υἱὸς τοῦ θεοῦ Mk 3:11J 1:49 and very oft. ἵνα   πονηρὸς  ἐλεγχθῇ [το? s. app. in Bodm.] μὴ ὢν θεός AcPlCor 2:15 (Just., D. 3, 3 φιλολόγος οὖν τις εἶ σύ).—The pred. can be supplied fr. the context: καὶ ἐσμέν and we are (really God’s children) 1J 3:1 (Eur., Ion 309 τθεοῦ καλοῦμαι δοῦλος εἰμί τεDio Chrys. 14 [31], 58 θεοφιλεῖς οἱ χρηστοὶ λέγονται καὶ εἰσίν; Epict. 2, 16, 44 Ἡρακλῆς ἐπιστεύθη Διὸς υἱὸς εἶναι καὶ ἦν.—The ptc. ὤνοὖσαὄν used w. a noun or adj.and serving as an if-, since-, or although-clause sim. functions as a copula πονηροὶ ὄντες Mt 7:1112:34.—Lk 20:36J 3:44:9Ac 16:21Ro 5:101 Cor 8:7Gal 2:3 al.).—W. adv. of quality: οὕτως εἶναι be so preceded by ὥσπερκαθώς or followed by ὡςὥσπερ Mt 13:4024:27, 37, 39Mk 4:26Lk 17:26. W. dat. of pers. οὕτως ἔσται  υἱὸς ττῇ γενεᾷ ταύτῃ so the Human One (Son of Man) will be for this generation 11:30. εἰμὶ ὡσ/ὥσπερ I am like Mt 6:5Lk 18:11. W. dat. ἔστω σοι ὥσπερ τελώνης he shall be to you as a tax-collector Mt 18:17. εἰμὶ ὥς τις I am like someone of outward and inward similarity 28:3Lk 6:4011:4422:27 al. καθώς εἰμι as I am Ac 22:31J 3:2, 74:17.—W. demonstr. pron. (Just., A I, 16, 1  ἔφηταῦτά ἐστιfoll. by a quotation; sim. 48, 5 ἔστι δὲ ταῦτα; and oft.) τὰ ὀνόματά ἐστιν ταῦτα Mt 10:2. αὕτη ἐστὶν  μαρτυρία J 1:19. W. inf. foll. θρησκεία αὕτη ἐστίνἐπισκέπτεσθαι Js 1:27. W. ὅτι foll. αὕτη ἐστὶν  κρίσιςὅτι τὸ φῶς ἐλήλυθεν J 3:19; cp. 21:241J 1:53:115:11. W. ἵνα foll. τοῦτό ἐστιν τὸ ἔργονἵνα πιστεύητε J 6:29; cp. vs. 39f15:1217:31J 3:11, 235:3. W. τηλικοῦτοςτὰ πλοῖατηλικαῦτα ὄντα though they are so large Js 3:4. W. τοσοῦτοςτοσοῦτων ὄντων although there were so many J 21:11. W. τοιοῦτοςτοιοῦτος ὤν Phlm 9 (cp. Just., A I, 18, 4 ὅσα ἄλλα τοιαῦτά ἐστι).—W. interrog. pron. ὑμεῖς τίνα με λέγετε εἶναι; who do you say I am? Mt 16:15; cp. 21:10Mk 1:244:418:27, 29Lk 4:34 al.; σὺ τίς εἶ; J 1:198:2521:12 al. (cp. JosAs 14:6 τίς εἶ συ tell me ‘who you are’). σὺ τίς εἶ  κρίνων; (Pla., Gorg. 452b; Strabo 6, 2, 4 σὺ τίς εἶ  τὸν Ὅμηρον ψέγων ὡς μυθογράφον;Ro 14:4ἐγὼ τίς ἤμην; (cp. Ex 3:11) Ac 11:17τίς εἰμι ἐγὼ ὅτι who am I, that GJs 12:2 (Ex 3:11). W. πόσοςπόσος χρόνος ἐστίν; how long a time? Mk 9:21. W. ποταπός of what sort Lk 1:29.—W. relative pron. οἷος 2 Cor 10:11ὁποῖος Ac 26:291 Cor 3:13Gal 2:6ὅς Rv 1:19ὅστις Gal 5:10, 19.—W. numerals ἦσαν οἱ φαγόντες πεντακισχίλιοι ἄνδρες 6:44 (cp. Polyaenus 7, 25 ἦσαν οἱ πεσόντες ἀνδρῶν μυριάδες δέκα); cp. Ac 19:723:13. Λάζαρος εἷς ἦν ἐκ τῶν ἀνακειμένων L. was one of those at the table J 12:2; cp. Gal 3:20Js 2:19. τῶν πιστευσάντων ἦν καρδία καὶ ψυχὴ μία Ac 4:32. εἷς εἶναι be one and the same Gal 3:28. ἓν εἶναι be one J 10:3017:11, 21ff1 Cor 3:8.οὐδʼ εἶναι τὴν πλάσιν τὴν τῶν ἀνθρώπων τοῦ θεοῦ (that) the creation of humankind is not God’s doing AcPlCor 1:13.—To establish identity the formula ἐγώ εἰμι is oft. used in the gospels (corresp. to Hebr. אֲנִי הוּא Dt 32:39; Is 43:10), in such a way that the predicate must be understood fr. the context: Mt 14:27Mk 6:5013:614:62Lk 22:70J 4:266:208:24, 2813:1918:5f and oft.; s. on ἐγώ.—In a question μήτι ἐγώ εἰμι; surely it is not I? Mt 26:22, 25.

 to describe a special connection betw. the subject and a predicate noun ἡμεῖς ναὸς θεοῦ ἐσμεν ζῶντος we are a temple of the living God 2 Cor 6:16.  ἐπιστολὴ ὑμεῖς ἐστε you are our letter (of recommendation) 3:2. σφραγίς μου τῆς ἀποστολῆς ὑμεῖς ἐστε you are the seal of my apostleship 1 Cor 9:2 and oft.

 in explanations:

α. to show how someth. is to be understood is a representation of, is the equivalent of; εἰμί here, too, serves as copula; we usually translate mean, so in the formula τοῦτʼ ἔστιν this or that means, that is to say (Epict., Ench. 33, 10; Arrian, Tact. 29, 3; SIG 880, 50; PFlor 157, 4; PSI 298, 9; PMert 91, 9; Jos., C. Ap. 2, 16; ApcMos 19; Just., D. 56, 23; 78, 3 al.) Mk 7:2Ac 19:4Ro 7:189:810:6, 8Phlm 12Hb 7:5 al.; in the sense that is (when translated) (Polyaenus 8, 14, 1 Μάξιμος ἀνηγορεύθη· τοῦτο δʼ ἄν εἴη ΜέγιστονMt 27:46Ac 1:19. So also w. relative pron.:  ἐστιν Mk 3:177:11, 34Hb 7:2. After verbs of asking, recognizing, knowing and not knowing (Antiphanes Com. 231, 1f τὸ ζῆν τί ἐστι;μάθετε τί ἐστιν learn what (this) means Mt 9:13. εἰ ἐγνώκειτε τί ἐστιν 12:7; cp. Mk 1:279:10Lk 20:17J 16:17fEph 4:9. W. an indir. question (Stephan. Byz. s.v. Ἀγύλλατὶς ἠρώτα τί ἂν εἴη τὸ ὄνοματί ἂν εἴη ταῦτα Lk 15:26τί εἴη τοῦτο 18:36. τίνα θέλει ταῦτα εἶναι what this means Ac 17:20; cp. 2:12, where the question is not about the mng. of terms but the significance of what is happening.—Esp. in interpr. of the parables (Artem. 1, 51 p. 48, 26 ἄρουρα οὐδὲν ἄλλο ἐστὶν  γυνή=field means nothing else than woman)  ἀγρός ἐστιν  κόσμος the field means the world Mt 13:38; cp. vss. 19f, 22fMk 4:15f, 18, 20Lk 8:11ff (cp. Gen 41:26f; Ezk 37:11; Ath. 22, 4 [Stoic interpr. of myths]). On τοῦτό ἐστιν τὸ σῶμά μου Mt 26:26Mk 14:22Lk 22:19 and its various interpretations, see lit. s.v. εὐχαριστία. Cp. Hipponax (VI b.c.) 45 Diehl αὕτη γάρ ἐστι συμφορή=this means misfortune.

β. to be of relative significance, be of moment or importance, amount to someth. w. indef. pron. εἰδωλόθυτόν τί ἐστιν meat offered to idols means anything 1 Cor 10:19. Esp. εἰμί τι I mean someth. of pers. 1 Cor 3:7Gal 2:66:3; and of things vs. 15. εἰμί τις Ac 5:36.—Of no account ἐμοὶ εἰς ἐλάχιστόν ἐστιν (telescoped fr. ἐλάχἐστιν and εἰς ἐλάχγίνεται, of which there are many exx. in Schmid, I 398; II 161, 237; III 281; IV 455) it is of little or no importance to me 1 Cor 4:3.

 be in reference to location, persons, condition, or time, be

 of various relations or positions involving a place or thing: w. ἀπόεἶναι ἀπό τινος be or come from a certain place (X., An. 2, 4, 13) J 1:44.—W. ἐνἐν τοῖς τπατρός μου in my father’s house Lk 2:49 (cp. Jos., Ant. 16, 302 καταγωγὴ ἐν τοῖς Ἀντιπάτρου). ἐν τῇ ὁδῷ on the way Mk 10:32. ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ Mt 24:26. ἐν ἀγρῷ Lk 15:25. ἐν δεξιᾷ τθεοῦ at God’s right hand Ro 8:34; in heaven Eph 6:9.—W. εἰςτὴν κοίτην Lk 11:7τὸν κόλπον J1:18.—W. ἐπὶ w. gen. be on someth. of place, roof Lk 17:31; head J 20:7 (cp. 1 Macc 1:59); also fig., of one who is over someone (1 Macc 10:69; Jdth 14:13  ὢν ἐπὶ πάντων τῶν αὐτοῦRo 9:5 (of the angel of death Mel., P. 20, 142 ἐπὶ τῶν πρωτοτόκων); also ἐπάνω τινός J 3:31.—W. dat. be at someth. the door Mt 24:33Mk 13:29.—W. acc. be on someone: grace Lk 2:40Ac 4:33; spirit (Is 61:1) Lk 2:25εἶναι ἐπὶ τὸ αὐτό be in the same place, together (Gen 29:2 v.l.) Ac 1:152:1, 441 Cor 7:5.—W. κατά w. acc. εἶναι κατὰ τὴν Ἰουδαίαν be in Judea Ac 11:1εἶναι ἐν Ἀντιοχείᾳ κατὰ τὴν οὖσαν ἐκκλησίαν were at Antioch in the congregation there 13:1.—W. ὑπό w. acc. τι or τινα of place be under someth. J 1:481 Cor 10:1.—W. παρά w. acc. παρὰ τὴν θάλασσαν by the sea- (i.e. lake-shore Mk 5:21Ac 10:6.—W. πρός τι be close to, facing someth. Mk 4:1.—W. adv. of place ἐγγύς τινι near someth. Ac 9:3827:8. μακρὰν (ἀπόMk 12:34J 21:8Eph 2:13; also πόρρω Lk 14:32. χωρίς τινος without someth. Hb 12:8. ἐνθάδε Ac 16:28. ἔσω J 20:26. ἀπέναντί τινος Ro 3:18 (Ps 35:2). ἐκτός τινος 1 Cor 6:18ἀντίπερά τινος Lk 8:26ὁμοῦ J 21:2οὗ Mt 2:9ὅπου Mk 2:45:40ὧδε Mt 17:4Mk 9:5Lk 9:33. Also w. fut. mng. (ESchwartz, GGN 1908, 161 n.; on the fut. use of the pres. cp. POxy 531, 22 [II a.d.ἔστι δὲ τοῦ Τῦβι μηνὸς σοὶ ὸ̔ θέλειςὅπου εἰμί J 7:34, 3612:2614:317:24. As pred., to denote a relatively long stay at a place, stay, reside ἴσθι ἐκεῖ stay there Mt 2:13, cp. vs. 15ἐπʼ ἐρήμοις τόποις in lonely places Mk 1:45ἦν παρὰ τὴν θάλασσαν he stayed by the lakeside 5:21.

 involving humans or transcendent beings: w. adv. ἔμπροσθέν τινος Lk 14:2. ἔναντί τινος Ac 8:21ἐνώπιόν τινος Lk 14:10Ac 4:191 Pt 3:4Rv 7:15ἐντός τινος Lk 17:21ἐγγύς τινος J 11:1819:20Ro 10:8 (Dt 30:14).—W. prep. ἐν τινί equiv. to ἔκ τινος εἶναι be among Mt 27:56; cp. Mk 15:40Ro 1:6. Of God, who is among his people 1 Cor 14:25 (Is 45:14; Jer 14:9); of the Spirit J 14:17. Of persons under Christ’s direction: ἐν θεῷ 1J 2:55:20 (s. Norden, Agn. Th. 23, 1). ἔν τινι rest upon, arise from someth. (Aristot., Pol. 7, 1, 3 [1323b, 1] ἐν ἀρετῇ; Sir 9:16) Ac 4:121 Cor 2:5Eph 5:18.εἴς τινα be directed, inclined toward Ac 23:302 Cor 7:151 Pt 1:21.κατά w. gen. be against someone (Sir 6:12) Mt 12:30Mk 9:40 and Lk 9:50 (both opp. ὑπέρ); Gal 5:23.σύν τινι be with someone (Jos., Ant. 7, 181) Lk 22:5624:44Ac 13:7accompany, associate w. someone Lk 8:38Ac 4:1322:9take sides with someone (X., Cyr. 5, 4, 37; 7, 5, 77; Jos., Ant. 11, 259 [of God]) Ac 14:4.πρός τινα be with someone Mt 13:56Mk 6:3J 1:1f. I am to be compared w. IMg 12.—μετά and gen. be with someone (Judg 14:11) Mt 17:17Mk 3:145:18J 3:2612:17ἔστω μεθʼ ὑμῶν εἰρήνη AcPlCor 2:40; of God, who is with someone (Gen 21:20; Judg 6:13 al.; Philo, Det. Pot. Ins. 4; Jos., Ant. 6, 181; 15, 138) Lk 1:66J 3:28:29Ac 10:38 al.; also be with in the sense be favorable to, in league with (Ex 23:2) Mt 12:30Lk 11:23; of punishment attending a pers. τὸ πῦρ ἐστι μετʼ αὐτοῦ AcPlCor 2:37.—παρά and gen. come from someone (X., An. 2, 4, 15; Just., D. 8, 4 ἔλεος παρὰ θεοῦ) fr. God J 6:467:29; w. dat. be with, among persons Mt 22:25Ac 10:6. W. neg. be strange to someone, there is no … in someone Ro 2:119:14Eph 6:9.ὑπέρ w. gen. be on one’s side Mk 9:4 and Lk 9:50 (both opp. κατά); w. acc. be superior to (Sir 25:10; 30:16) Lk 6:40.

 of condition or circumstance: κατά w. acc. live in accordance with (Sir 28:10; 43:8; 2 Macc 9:20) κατὰ σάκραπνεῦμα Ro 8:5. οὐκ ἔστιν κατὰ ἄνθρωπον not human (in origin) Gal 1:11.—Fig. ὑπό w. acc. be under (the power of) someth. Ro 3:96:14fGal 3:10, 25.—W. ἐν of existing ἐν τῷ θεῷ εἶναι of humankind: have its basis of existence in God Ac 17:28. Of states of being: ἐν δόξῃ 2 Cor 3:8ἐν εἰρήνῃ Lk 11:21ἐν ἔχθρᾳ at enmity 23:12ἐν κρίματι under condemnation vs. 40. ἐν ῥύσει αἵματος suffer from hemorrhages Mk 5:25Lk 8:43 (cp. Soph., Aj. 271 ἦν ἐν τῇ νόσῳ; cp. TestJob 35:1 ἐν πληγαῖς πολλαῖς). Periphrastically for an adj. ἐν ἐξουσίᾳ authoritative Lk 4:32. ἐν βάρει important 1 Th 2:7. ἐν τῇ πίστει true believers, believing 2 Cor 13:5. Be involved in someth. ἐν ἑορτῇ be at the festival=take part in it J 2:23. ἐν τούτοις ἴσθι devote yourself to these things 1 Ti 4:15 (cp. X., Hell. 4, 8, 7 ἐν τοιούτοις ὄντες=occupied w. such things; Jos., Ant. 2, 346 ἐν ὕμνοις ἦσαν=they occupied themselves w. the singing of hymns).—Fig., live in the light 1J 2:9; cp. vs. 111 Th 5:4; in the flesh Ro 7:58:8; AcPlCor 1:6. ἐν οἷς εἰμι in the situation in which I find myself Phil 4:11 (X., Hell. 4, 2, 1; Diod S 12, 63, 5; 12, 66, 4; Appian, Hann. 55 §228 ἐν τούτοις ἦν=he was in this situation; Jos., Ant. 7, 232 ἐν τούτοις ἦσαν=found themselves in this sit.; TestJob 35:6 ἐν τίνι ἐστίν; s. ZPE VIII 170). ἐν πολλοῖς ὢν ἀστοχήμασι AcPlCor 2:1. Of characteristics, emotions, etc. ἔν τινί ἐστινe.g. ἀδικία J 7:18ἄγνοια Eph 4:18ἀλήθεια J 8:442 Cor 11:10 (cp. 1 Macc 7:18); ἁμαρτία 1J 3:5.

 of time ἐγγύς of καιρός be near Mt 26:18Mk 13:28. πρὸς ἑσπέραν ἐστίν it is toward evening Lk 24:29 (Just., D. 137, 4 πρὸς δυσμὰς   ἥλιός ἐστι).

 to be alive in a period of time, live, denoting temporal existence (Hom., Trag., Thu. et al.; Sir 42:21; En 102:5 Philo, De Jos. 17; Jos., Ant. 7, 254) εἰ ἤμεθα ἐν ταῖς ἡμέραις τῶν πατέρων ἡμῶν if we had lived in the days of our fathers Mt 23:30. ὅτι οὐκ εἰσὶν because they were no more 2:18 (Jer 38:15). ἦσαν ἐπὶ χρόνον ἱκανόν (those who were healed and raised by Christ) remained alive for quite some time Qua.

 to be the time at which someth. takes place w. indications of specific moments or occasions, be (X., Hell. 4, 5, 1, An. 4, 3, 8; Sus 13 Theod.; 1 Macc 6:49; 2 Macc 8:26; Jos., Ant. 6, 235 νουμηνία δʼ ἦν; 11, 251): ἦν ὥρα ἕκτη it was the sixth hour (=noon acc. to Jewish reckoning) Lk 23:44J 4:619:14.—Mk 15:25J 1:39. ἦν ἑσπέρα ἤδη it was already evening Ac 4:3. πρωΐ J 18:28. ἦν παρασκευή Mk 15:42. ἦν ἑορτὴ τῶν Ἰουδαίων J 5:1. σάββατόν ἐστιν vs. 10 et al. Short clauses (as Polyaenus 4, 9, 2 νὺξ ἦν; 7, 44, 2 πόλεμος ἦνexc. 36, 8 ἦν ἀρίστου ὥρα; Jos., Ant. 19, 248 ἔτι δὲ νὺξ ἦνχειμὼν ἦν J 10:22ἦν δὲ νύξ (sim. Jos., Bell. 4, 64) 13:30ψύχος it was cold 18:18καύσων ἔσται it will be hot Lk 12:55.

 to take place as a phenomenon or event, take place, occur, become, be, be in (Hom., Thu. et al.; LXX; En 104:5; 106:6.—Cp. Just., D. 82, 2 of Christ’s predictions ὅπερ καὶ ἔστι ‘which is in fact the case’.) ἔσται θόρυβος τοῦ λαοῦ a popular uprising Mk 14:2. γογγυσμὸς ἦν there was (much) muttering J 7:12. σχίσμα there was a division 9:16Cor 1:1012:25. ἔριδες  εἰσίν quarrels are going on 1:11. δεῖ αἱρέσεις εἶναι 11:19. θάνατοςπένθοςκραυγήπόνος ἔσται Rv 21:4. ἔσονται λιμοὶ κσεισμοί Mt 24:7. Hence τὸ ἐσόμενον what was going to happen (Sir 48:25) Lk 22:49. πότε ταῦτα ἔσται; when will this happen? Mt 24:3. πῶς ἔσται τοῦτο; how can this be? Lk 1:34. Hebraistically (הָיָה; s. KBeyer, Semitische Syntax im NT, ’62, 63–65) καὶ ἔσται w. fut. of another verb foll. and it will come about that Ac 2:17 (Jo 3:1); 3:23 (w. δέ); Ro 9:26 (Hos 2:1).—W. dat. ἐστί τινι happen, be granted, come, to someone (X., An. 2, 1, 10; Jos., Ant. 11, 255; Just., D. 8, 4 σοὶ  ἔλεος ἔσται παρὰ θεοῦMt 16:22Mk 11:24Lk 2:10; GJs 1:1; 4:3; 8:3; τί ἐστίν σοι τοῦτοὅτι what is the matter with you, that GJs 17:2.—Of becoming or turning into someth. become someth. εἰς χολὴν πικρίας εἶναι become bitter gall Ac 8:23. εἰς σάρκα μίαν Mt 19:5Mk 10:81 Cor 6:16Eph 5:31 (all Gen 2:24. Cp. Syntipas p. 42, 24 οὐκ ἔτι ἔσομαι μετὰ σοῦ εἰς γυναῖκα); τὰ σκολιὰ εἰς εὐθείας Lk 3:5 (Is 40:4); εἰς πατέρα 2 Cor 6:18Hb 1:5 (2 Km 7:14; 1 Ch 22:10; 28:6); εἰς τὸ ἕν 1J 5:8.Serve as someth. (IPriene 50, 39 [c. II b.c.εἶναι εἰς φυλακὴν τπόλεωςAesop., Fab. 28 H.=18 P.; 26 Ch.; 18 H-H. εἰς ὠφέλειαν; Gen 9:13; s. also εἰς 4d) 1 Cor 14:22Col 2:22Js 5:3.—Of something being ἀνεκτότερον ἔσται it will be more tolerable τινί for someone Lk 10:12, 14.

 to exist as possibility ἔστιν w. inf. foll. it is possible, one can (Περὶ ὕψους 6; Diog. L. 1, 110 ἔστιν εὑρεῖν=one can find; Just., A I, 59, 10 ἔστι ταῦτα ἀκοῦσαι καὶ μαθεῖν; D. 42, 3 ἰδεῖν al.; Mel., P. 19, 127); neg. οὐκ ἔστιν νῦν λέγειν it is not possible to speak at this time Hb 9:5. οὐκ ἔστιν φαγεῖν it is impossible to eat 1 Cor 11:20 (so Hom. et al.; UPZ 70, 23 [152/151 b.c.οὐκ ἔστι ἀνακύψαι με πώποτε  ὑπὸ τῆς αἰσχύνης; 4 Macc 13:5; Wsd 5:10; Sir 14:16; 18:6; EpJer 49 al.; EpArist 163; Jos., Ant. 2, 335; Ath. 22, 3 ἔστιν εἰπεῖν).

 to have a point of derivation or origin, be,/come from somewhere ἐκ τῆς ἐξουσίας Ἡρῴδου from Herod’s jurisdiction Lk 23:7ἐκ Ναζαρέτ (as an insignificant place) J 1:46ἐκ τῆς γῆς 3:31ἐκ γυναικός 1 Cor 11:8 al. ἐξ οὐρανοῦἐξ ἀνθρώπων be of heavenly (divine), human descent Mt 21:25Mk 11:30Lk 20:4. Be generated by (cp. Sb 8141, 21f [ins I b.c.οὐδʼ ἐκ βροτοῦ ἤεν ἄνακτοςἀλλὰ θεοῦ μεγάλου ἔκγονος; En 106:6) Mt 1:20. Esp. in Johannine usage ἐκ τοῦ διαβόλου εἶναι originate from the devil J 8:441J 3:8. ἐκ τοῦ πονηροῦ 3:12ἐκ τοῦ κόσμου J 15:1917:14, 161J 4:5. ἐκ τῆς ἀληθείας εἶναι 2:21J 18:37 etc. Cp. 9 end.

 to belong to someone or someth. through association or genetic affiliation, be, belong w. simple gen. (X., Hell. 2, 4, 36; Iambl., Vi. Pyth. 33, 230 τῶν Πυθαγορείωνοἱ τῆς ὁδοῦ ὄντες those who belong to the Way Ac 9:2. εἰμὶ Παύλου I belong to Paul 1 Cor 1:123:4; cp. Ro 8:92 Cor 10:71 Ti 1:20Ac 23:6. ἡμέρας εἶναι belong to the day 1 Th 5:8, cp. vs. 5. W. ἔκ τινος 1 Cor 12:15fMt 26:73Mk 14:69fLk 22:58 al. (cp. X., Mem. 3, 6, 17; oft LXX). ἐκ τοῦ ἀριθμοῦ τῶν δώδεκα belong to the twelve 22:3. ὅς ἐστιν ἐξ ὑμῶν who is a fellow-countryman of yours Col 4:9.—To belong through origin 2 Cor 4:7. Of Mary: ἦν τῆς φυλῆς τοῦ Δαυίδ was of David’s line GJs 10:1. Cp. 8 above.

 to have someth. to do with someth. or someone, be. To denote a close relationship ἐξ ἔργων νόμου εἶναι rely on legal performance Gal 3:10.  νόμος οὐκ ἔστιν ἐκ πίστεως the law has nothing to do with faith vs. 12.—To denote a possessor Mt 5:3, 10; l9:14; Mk 12:7Lk 18:161 Cor 6:19. Esp. of God who owns the Christian Ac 27:231 Cor 3:23Ti 2:19 (Num 16:5). οὐδʼ εἶναι τὸν κόσμον θεοῦἀλλὰ ἀγγέλων AcPlCor 1:15 (cp. Just., A II, 13, 4 ὅσα  καλῶς εἴρηταιἡμῶν τῶν χριστιανῶν ἐστι).—W. possess. pron. ὑμετέρα ἐστὶν  βασιλεία Lk 6:20. οὐκ ἔστιν ἐμὸν δοῦναι Mk 10:40 (cp. Just., A I, 4, 2 ὑμέτερον ἀγωνιᾶσαί ἐστι ‘it is a matter for your concern’).—To denote function (X., An. 2, 1, 4) οὐχ ὑμῶν ἐστιν it is no concern of yours Ac 1:7—Of quality παιδεία οὐ δοκεῖ χαρᾶς εἶναι discipline does not seem to be (partake of) joy Hb 12:11.—10:39.

 as an auxiliary: very commonly the simple tense forms are replaced by the periphrasis εἶναι and the ptc. (B-D-F §352–55; Mlt. 225–27, 249; Mlt-H. 451f; Rdm.2 102, 105, 205; Kühner-G. I 38ff; Rob. 374–76, 1119f; CTurner, Marcan Usage: JTS 28, 1927 349–51; GKilpatrick, BT 7, ’56, 7f; very oft. LXX).

 (as in Hom et al.) w. the pf. ptc. to express the pf., plpf. and fut. pf. act. and pass. (s. Mayser 329; 377) ἦσαν ἐληλυθότες they had come Lk 5:17. ἦν αὐτῶν  καρδία πεπωρωμένη their hearts were hardened Mk 6:52. ἠλπικότες ἐσμέν we have set our hope 1 Cor 15:19.  καιρὸς συνεσταλμένος στίν the time has become short 7:29. ἦν ἑστώς (En 12:3) he was standing (more exactly he took his standLk 5:1.

 w. pres. ptc. (B-D-F §353).

α. to express the pres. ἐστὶν προσαναπληροῦσα τὰ ὑστερήματα supplies the wants 2 Cor 9:12 (Just., A I, 26, 5 Μαρκίων  καὶ νῦν ἔτι ἐστὶ διδάσκων; Mel., P. 61, 441 ἐστὶν  κηρυσσόμενον).

βimpf. or aor. ἦν καθεύδων he was sleeping Mk 4:38. ἦσαν ἀναβαίνοντες  ἦν προάγων 10:32; cp. Lk 1:225:1711:14 al. (JosAs 1:3 ἦν συνάγων τὸν σίτον; Mel., P. 80, 580 ἦσθα εὐφραινόμενος). ἦν τὸ φῶς τὸ ἀλήθινόν  ἐρχόμενον εἰς τὸν κόσμον the true light entered the world J 1:9, w. ἦν introducing a statement in dramatic contrast to the initial phrase of vs. 8.—To denote age (Demetr.: 722 Fgm. 1, 2 al. Jac.; POxy 275, 9 [66 a.d.οὐδέπω ὄντα τῶν ἐτῶν; Tob 14:11) Mk 5:42Lk 3:23Ac 4:22; GJs 12:3.—Mussies 304–6.

γ. fut. ἔσῃ σιωπῶν you will be silent Lk 1:20; cp. 5:10Mt 24:9Mk 13:13Lk 21:17, 24 al.; 2 Cl 17:7 Bihlm. (the child) shall serve him (God).

 w. aor. ptc. as plpf. (Aelian, NA 7, 11; Hippiatr. 34, 14, vol. I p. 185, 3 ἦν σκευάσαςISyriaW 2070b ἦν κτίσαςAcThom 16; 27 [Aa II/2 p. 123, 2f; p. 142, 10]; B-D-F §355 m.—JVogeser, Z. Sprache d. griech. Heiligenlegenden, diss. Munich 1907, 14; JWittmann, Sprachl. Untersuchungen zu Cosmas Indicopleustes, diss. Munich 1913, 20; SPsaltes, Gramm. d. byzant. Chroniken 1913, 230; Björck [διδάσκω end] 75; B-D-F §355). ἦν βληθείς had been thrown Lk 23:19J 18:30 v.l.—GPt 6:23; 12:51. (Cp. Just., A II, 10, 2 διʼ εὑρέσεως  ἐστὶ πονηθέντα αὐτοῖς ‘they achieved through investigation’).

 Notice esp. the impersonals δέον ἐστίν it is necessary (Pla. et al.; POxy 727, 19; Sir praef. ln. 3; 1 Macc 12:11 δέον ἐστὶν καὶ πρέπονAc 19:36εἰ δέον ἐστίν if it must be 1 Pt 1:6 (s. δεῖ 2a); 1 Cl 34:2; πρέπον ἐστίν it is appropriate (Pla. et al.; POxy 120, 24; 3 Macc 7:13) Mt 3:151 Cor 11:13.

 In many cases the usage w. the ptc. serves to emphasize the duration of an action or condition (BGU 183, 25 ἐφʼ ὸ̔ν χρόνον ζῶσα  Σαταβούς); JosAs 2:1 ἦν  ἐξουθενοῦσα καὶ καταπτύουσα πάντα ἄνδρα). ἦν διδάσκων he customarily taught Mk 1:22Lk 4:3119:47. ἦν θέλων he cherished the wish 23:8. ἦσαν νηστεύοντες they were keeping the fast Mk 2:18. ἦσαν συλλαλοῦντες they were conversing for a while 9:4. ἦν προσδεχόμενος he was waiting for (the kgdm.) 15:43. ἦν συγκύπτουσα she was bent over Lk 13:11.

 to emphasize the adjectival idea inherent in the ptc. rather than the concept of action expressed by the finite verb ζῶν εἰμι I am alive Rv 1:18. ἦν ὑποτασσόμενος he was obedient Lk 2:51. ἦν ἔχων κτήματα πολλά he was very rich Mt 19:22Mk 10:22. ἴσθι ἐξουσίαν ἔχων you shall have authority Lk 19:17 (Lucian, Tim. 35 ἴσθι εὐδαιμονῶν). ἦν καταλλάσσων (God) was reconciling 2 Cor 5:19 (cp. Mel., P. 83, 622 οὗτος ἦν  ἐκλεξάμενός σε; Ath. 15, 2 οὗτός ἐστιν   καρπούμενος).—LMcGaughy, Toward a Descriptive Analysis of ΕΙΝΑΙ as a Linking Verb in the Gk. NT, diss. Vanderbilt, ’70 (s. esp. critique of treatment of εἰμί in previous edd. of this lexicon pp. 12–15).—Mlt. 228. B. 635. DELG. M-M. EDNT. TW. Sv.

7 

 

a. Unaugmented form of εἰμί (present). There is increased usage of this construction in Hellenistic Greek, although classical Greek already showed increased usage over previous periods.

Mt. 1.23; Mk 5.41; 15.22, 34; Acts 4.36:  ἐστιν μεθερμηνευόμενον (which is interpreted).

Col. 2.5: εἰμι χαίρων καὶ βλέπων (I am rejoicing and seeing), although UBSGNT3 and N-A26 place a comma after εἰμί.

8 

 

 

فكلمة اسمين تعني كيان ولهذا المسيح يقول انا والأب كيان واحد 

ولهذا ترجمة شرحت هذا أيضا 

(JMNT)  "I and the Father are (continuously exist being) ONE (or: I and the Father: We are one thing)."

كيان واحد

ولهذا هناك فرق كبير جدا ما بين قول المسيح انا والأب واحد وأيضا نحن واحد عن قوله يكونوا واحد. فالأول اعلان لاهوت واحد والثاني تبني للبشر بروحه الواحد

وهذا ليس لغويا فقط بل كما قلت في بداية الملف 

ارجو الرجوع الى ملف 

هل تعبير ليكونوا واحدا كما نحن يثبت ان المسيح ليس واحد مع الاب في الجوهر ؟ يوحنا 10: 30 و يوحنا 17: 11 - 23

والذي وضحت فيه الفرق بين قول المسيح انا والأب واحد وبين قوله لِيَكُونُوا وَاحِدًا كَمَا نَحْنُ 

ووضحت فيه بالاعداد الكثيرة ان الابن والابن واحد لانه الخ واحد لهذا هم واحد في الكيان والكرامة والعمل والمعرفة والايمان به والرؤيا والملكية والسلطان والقدرة والخلق وإعطاء الحياة ومغفرة الخطايا والدينونة والمجد واللامحدودية والازلية الأبدية وغيرها 

وكل هذا لأنه إله واحد وهذا فهمه اليهود من كلامه ولهذا حاولوا رجمه 

فالمسيح وضح لاهوته ووحدانيته مع الاب المطلقة في الذات والصفات واليهود فهموا ذلك جيدا ولذلك طلبوا ان يرجموه

اما عن البشر ليكونوا واحد فهم كانوا متفرقين وجمعهم المسيح والروح القدس سيكمل تجميعهم

 

والمجد لله دائما

 

inf.  infinitive

impf.  imperfect

mid.  middle

fut. mid. re

1 Friberg, T., Friberg, B., & Miller, N. F. (2000). Vol. 4Analytical lexicon of the Greek New Testament. Baker's Greek New Testament library (131). Grand Rapids, Mich.: Baker Books.

TDNT 2:398 ogical Dictionary of the New Testament

TDNTA 206; logical Dictionary of the New Testament, Abridged in One Volume

GK 1639; 1 k-Kohlenberger

AV transla zed Version

2 Strong, J. (1996). The exhaustive concordance of the Bible : Showing every word of the text of the common English version of the canonical books, and every occurrence of each word in regular order. (electronic ed.) (G1510). Ontario: Woodside Bible Fellowship.

2  This is shown by its penetration into the LXX through a misunderstanding of the Hb. text. In Ἰερ. 1:6; 14:13; 39(32):17, the אֲהָהּ of the Mas. is to be understood along the lines of Ex. 3:14 as אֶ הְיֶה and is to be interpreted accordingly. Cf. W. Graf Baudissin, Kyrios (1929), I, 523, 1; III, 699 and 708. The OT designation of God is used as a name for Christ in syncretism too. It is found on a Gnostic cameo along with ΙΧΘΥC and ΙΑΩ (cf. F. J. Dölger, Ichthys I [1910], 267 ff.). In the Gk.. Church it is still found to-day on pictures of Christ, which have the three letters ΟΩΝ on the three ends of the cross within the halo, and also on representations of the Father and the Holy Spirit. It expresses the eternity of God in the LXX sense, being understood by Hellenistic Judaism and Christianity in this way. [Bertram].

3  Cf. Leisegang’s Indexes, 226 ff.

Abr.  De Abrahamo.

Deus Imm.  Deus sit Immutabilis.

Ant.  Antiquitates.

NT  New Testament.

4  Bl.-Debr., Suppl. to § 143.

NT where w tament.

10  Cf. also in 8:24 the contrast between ἐγώ εἰμι and ἀποθανεῖσθε, in 8:28 the exaltation of Jesus (i.e., His triumph over death) as the pre-condition of faith in His being, and in 13:19 the connection with the death of Christ; the thought of eternal life is always present in the ἐγώ εἰμι, cf. Lütgert, op. cit.

3 Theological dictionary of the New Testament. 1964 (G. Kittel, G. W. Bromiley, G. Friedrich, G. W. Bromiley & G. Friedrich, Ed.) (electronic ed.) (2:399). Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans.

4 Theological dictionary of the New Testament. 1964 (G. Kittel, G. W. Bromiley, G. Friedrich, G. W. Bromiley & G. Friedrich, Ed.) (electronic ed.) (2:398). Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans.

impv.  impv. = imperative

pl.  pl. = plural

inf.  inf. = infinitive

impf.  impf. = imperfect

fut.  fut. = future

5 Newman, B. M. (1993). A Concise Greek-English dictionary of the New Testament. (52). Stuttgart, Germany: Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft; United Bible Societies.

vb.; verb

Str 1488 & ’s Lexicon

TDNT 2.398 l, Theological Dictionary of the New Testament

LN 13.1 -Nida Greek-English Lexicon

6 Swanson, J. (1997). Dictionary of Biblical Languages with Semantic Domains : Greek (New Testament) (electronic ed.) (DBLG 1639, #8). Oak Harbor: Logos Research Systems, Inc.

Hom.+) m , VIII b.c.—List 5

impv.  impv. = imperative

IPol 4:1,  = Ignatius to Polycarp—List 1

colloq.  colloq. = colloquial

BGU 276, 2 Aegyptische Urkunden aus den Museen zu Berlin: Griechische Urkunden—List 4

POxy 533,  = Oxyrhynchus Papyri—List 4

1 Cl 48:5; = 1 Clement—List 1

Hv 3, 3, 4 sions

pers.  pers. = person(s)

pl.  pl. = plural

ins since ins = Inscription, Inschrift, inscription(s). Without a period, esp. in lists, as at the beginning of entries; the capitalized form is used in titles. In conjunction with literary works this abbr. refers to the title or description of contents.

PPetr III, r = The Flinders Petrie Papyri—List 4

GJs 7:2. I Gospel of James (Protevangelium Jacobi), II a.d.—List 1

Jos., Bell = Josephus. This abbr. used when follow by title; I a.d.—Lists 5

D, 2 pers. che, except that in a list of manuscripts or as textual variant D refers to Codex Bezae—List 1

Phryn. 149 n , the Atticist, signifying his Eclogae, II a.d.—List 5

al.; al. =alibi (elsewhere), aliter (otherwise), alii (others)

Sb 6262, 1 mmelbuch griechischer Urkunden aus Aegypten—Lists 3, 4

sg.  sg. = singular

pap since  papyrus, -yri 

BA), s. ab blical Archaeologist—List 6

ptc.  ptc. = participle

act. or mi = active

edd. lean  = editions, editors

W-S. §14,  = GWiner, Grammatik des neutestamentlichen Sprachidioms, ed. PSchmiedel—List 6

Mlt-H. 201 -H. = JMoulton/WHoward, A Grammar of NT Greek II: Accidence and Word-formation—List 6

Rob. index = ATRobertson, A Grammar of the Greek NT in the Light of Historical Research—List 6

B-D-F §98; F = FBlass, ADebrunner, RFunk, A Greek Grammar of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature—List 6

Rdm.  Rdm. = LRadermacher, Neutestamentliche Grammatik—List 6

Helbing 10 lbing = RH.—List 6

Reinhold 8 einhold = HR., De graecitate patrum apostolicorum librorum apocryphorum novi testamenti etc.—List 6

pred. use d. = predicate

Epicurus  Epicurus , IV–III b.c.—List 5

Diog. L. 1 iog. L. = Diogenes Laertius, III a.d.—List 5

Diod S 12, d S , I b.c.—List 5

Just., D.  , II a.d.—List 5

cp.  cp. = compare, freq. in ref. to citation fr. ancient texts

SibOr 3, 1 r = Oracula Sibyllina, II–III a.d.—List 5

PMich 155, h = Michigan Papyri—List 4

Paus. 10,  , perieg., II a.d.—List 5

Ζ ̠Z = Zeitschrift

TheosophieTheosophien = Fragmente griechischer Theosophien, dates uncertain—List 5

ARW 19, 19 Archiv für Religionswissenschaft—List 6

AcPlCor 1: PlCor = Acts of Paul: correspondence with Corinthians (a.k.a. Third Corinthians), text according to PBodmer X—List 1

Plut., Is. , I–II a.d.—List 5

Gk. rel. s Greek

lit. s. MG = literal(ly); literature (refererences to [scholarly] literature)

fr. Alexan from

ed. MKiley edited (by), edition

et al. ’97 al. = et alii (and others)

beg.). eg. = beginning

ad loc. an  loc. = ad locum (to or at the place under consideration)

JTS 48, ’4 Journal of Theological Studies—List 6

Herm. Wr.  Herm. Wr. = Hermetic Writings—List 5 

Fgm. IX 1  = fragment, fragmentary

pres.  pres. = present

Parmenides  Parmenides , Pre-Socratic, VI–V b.c.—List 5

Ammonius H mmonius , phil., V a.d.—List 5

Timaeus we maeus , IV–III b.c.—List 5

JSNT  JSNT = Journal for the Study of the NT—List 6

Suppl. 124 ppl. = Supplement (to serials)

suppl. = supplement, supplied (in grammatical references)

B 16:6f arnabas (the Letter of), II a.d., except in series of uncial witnesses, in which case B refers to Codex Vaticanus (s. also Vat.). When the abbrv. B would ambiguous, Vat. is used for the codex.—List 1

Sallust. 1 llust , IV a.d.—List 5

Philo, Aet o = P. of Alexandria, I b.c.–I a.d.—List 5

Hm 1:1.  Mandates

2 Cl 1:8.  = 2 Clement—List 1

Ps.-Arist. pseudo, pseudonymous

Xenophanes  Xenophanes , VI–V b.c.—List 5

Artem. 1, em , onir., II a.d.—List 5

Ocellus Lu ellus Luc , II b.c.—List 5

PGM 4, 307 Papyri Graecae Magicae—List 4

Theoph. An t. Theoph. Ant. = Theophilus Antiochenus, II a.d.—List 5

Simplicius  Simplicius , VI a.d.—List 5

Epict. p. ct , various works, I–II a.d.—List 5

quot. from . = quotation

LXX; Just. Septuaginta, ed. ARahlfs, unless otherwise specified—Lists 2, beg.

sing. and g. = singular

Arrian, In ian = Flavius Arrianus, I–II a.d.—List 5

perh. bure . = perhaps

Pla., Eryx V–IV b.c.; s. also Ps.-Plato—List 5

PLond III nd = PLondon=Greek Papyri in the British Museum—List 4

PGen 49; n = Les Papyrus de Genève—List 4

PSI 229, 1 Papiri greci e latini: Pubblicazioni della Società Italiana—List 4

sc.  sc. = scilicet (one may understand, supply)

UPZ 180a I Urkunden der Ptolemäerzeit—Lists 4, 6

freq. in s . = frequent(ly)

Mlt-Turner  Mlt-Turner = JMoulton/NTurner, A Grammar of NT Greek III: Syntax; IV: Style, by Turner—List 6

gener.  gener. = generally

oft.  oft. = often

app. in p. = appendix, apparatus (when ref. to marginal text-critical information, esp. in N.)

Bodm.] odm = Bodmer Papyri—List 4

Eur., Ion  V b.c.—List 5

Dio Chrys. Dio Chrys , I–II a.d.—List 5

adj.and se = adjective

sim. funct = similarly

adv. of qu = adverb, adverbially

dat. of pe = dative

demonstr.  demonstr. = demonstrative

pron. (Jus . = pronoun

foll. by a . = followed, following

inf. foll. = infinitive

interrog.  interrog. = interrogative

JosAs 14:6 s = Joseph and Aseneth—Lists 2, 5

Strabo 6, rabo , I b.c.–I a.d.—List 5

L.  L. = KLachmann, editor of the Greek NT (1842–50)—List 1, beg.

corresp. t orresp. = corresponding(ly)

betw. the w. = between

someth. is meth. = something

SIG 880, 5 Sylloge Inscriptionum Graecarum3; superscript omitted in text—List 3

PFlor 157, r = Papiri Fiorentini—List 4

PMert 91, rt = A Descriptive Catalogue of the Greek Papyri in the Collection of Wilford Merton—List 4

ApcMos 19; Mos = Apocalypse of Moses—List 2

Ant iphanes Antiphanes Com , IV b.c.—List 5

indir. que ir. = indirect

Byz.  Byz. = Byzantine, esp. in ref. to papyri

s.v.  s.v. = sub voce (under the word, look up the word)

mng. of te = meaning(s)

interpr. o nterpr. = interpreted, interpretation

Ath. 22, 4 = Athenagoras, II a.d.—List 5

Stoic inte c , various dates—List 5

Hipponax ( ipponax , VI b.c.—List 5 

Diehl  Diehl , ed., s. AnthLG—List 5

in def. indef. = indefinite

exx. in x. = examples

Schmid, I hmid = WS., Der Atticismus in seinen Hauptvertretern—Lists 6

X., An. 2, nophon, V–IV b.c.—List 5

gen.  gen. = genitive

Mel., P. 2 = Melito of Sardis, II a.d.—List 5

acc.  acc. = accusative

v.l.) v.l. = varia lectio (variant reading)

i.e.  

i.e. = id est (that is)

I.-E. Indo-European

fut. mng.  = fut.

prep.  prep. = preposition(al)

equiv. to uiv. = equivalent

Norden, Ag rden, Agn. Th. = EN., Agnostos Theos—List 6

Aristot., ristot , various works, IV b.c.—List 5

Pol. 7, 1, Polycarp to the Philippians—List 1

opp.  opp. = opposed to, opposite

IMg 12.— = Ignatius to the Magnesians—List 1

neg.  neg. = negative

Soph., Aj. , V b.c.—List 5

TestJob 35 stJob = Testament of Job—List 2

Appian, Ha ian , I–II a.d.—List 5

ZPE VIII 1 Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik—Lists 3, 4, 6

e.g.  e.g. = exempli gratia (for example)

Trag.,  

Trag. = writer (s) of tragedy

trag. = tragedy, writer (s) of tragedy

Thu. et alb.c.—List 5

En 102:5 P Enoch—List 2 

Qua. Qua = Quadratus fragment, II a.d.—List 1

Theod.; 1 eod. = Theodotion, revision of Greek OT, II a.d.—List 2, beg.

acc. to Je c. to = according to

exc. 36, 8 = except

NT, ’62, 6 w Testament

Syntipas p yntipas , a collection of fables under the name of Syntapis; before XI a.d.—List 5

IPriene 50 riene = Die Inschriften von Priene—List 3

Aesop., Fa p = a calque for a variety of lit. associated with the name of Aesop—List 5

H.=18 P.; Hort, s. W-H.—List 1, beg.

H-H. = Hermas; cited, unless otherwise noted, according to MWhittaker; II a.d.—List 1

EpArist 16 Arist = Epistle of Aristeas, II b.c.—List 5

Iambl., ambl , phil., III–IV a.d.—List 5

Vi. Pyth.  Vita, Vitae

possess. p ossess. = possessive

Mlt.  Mlt. = JMoulton; with page number alone specified, this abbr. refers to A Grammar of NT Greek I: Prolegomena—List 6

BT 7, ’56, le Translator—List 6

pf. ptc. t perfect

plpf. and f. = pluperfect

pass. (s. s. = passive (either of grammatical form or of passive experience); also used in reference to literary portion=passage

Mayser 329 ser = EM., Grammatik der griechischen Papyri aus der Ptolemäerzeit—Lists 4, 6

impf. or pf. = imperfect

aor.  aor. = aorist

Demetr.: 7 etr , III b.c.—List 5

Jac.; POxy = Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker, ed. FJacoby—Lists 5, 6

Mussies 30 ssies = GM., The Morphology of Koine Greek—List 6

Aelian, NA ian , II a.d.—List 5

Hippiatr.  Hippiatr. = Corpus hippiatricorum Graecorum, IX a.d.—List 5 

vol. I p.  = volume

ISyriaW 20 yriaW = Inscriptions grecques et latines de la Syrie, ed. WWaddington, continuation of LWB—List 3

AcThom 16; hom = Acts of Thomas—List 5

Aa II/2 p. ta apostolorum apocrypha—List 5

diss. Muni . = dissertation

GPt 6:23;  Gospel of Peter—List 1

esp. the i = especially

ln. 3; 1 M line

kgdm.) kgdm. = kingdom

Lucian, Ti ian , II a.d.—List 5

pp. 12–15) pages

B. 635.  CDBuck, A Dictionary of Selected Synonyms—List 6

DELG. DELG = PChantraine, Dictionnaire étymologique de la langue grecque—List 6

M-M. M-M = JMoulton/GMilligan, Vocabulary of Greek Testament—Lists 4, 6

EDNT. EDNT = Exegetical Dictionary of the NT—List 6

TW. TW = Theologisches Wörterbuch zum NT; tr. GBromiley, Theological Dictionary of the NT—List 6

Sv. Sv (at the end of entries)=HSieben, Voces—List 6

7 Arndt, W., Danker, F. W., & Bauer, W. (2000). A Greek-English lexicon of the New Testament and other early Christian literature. "Based on Walter Bauer's Griechisch-deutsches Wr̲terbuch zu den Schriften des Neuen Testaments und der frhchristlichen [sic] Literatur, sixth edition, ed. Kurt Aland and Barbara Aland, with Viktor Reichmann and on previous English editions by W.F. Arndt, F.W. Gingrich, and F.W. Danker." (3rd ed.) (282). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

UBSGNT  United Bible Societies’ Greek New Testament

N-A  E. Nestle and K. Aland (eds.), Novum Testamentum Graece

8 Porter, S. E. (1999). Idioms of the Greek New Testament (47). Sheffield: JSOT.