هل العدد يقول شبانكم ام أغنامكم في صموئيل الأول 8 16

Holy_bible_1

الشبهة

يقول البعض ان العدد الذي في 1 صموئيل 8: 16 " ويأخذ عبيدكم وجواريكم وشبانكم الحسان وحميركم ويستعملهم لشغله " محرف لان الكلمة الاصلية أغنامكم وليس شبانكم

الرد

لنعرف أي كلمة هي الاصلية هل شبانكم مثلما كتبت التراجم التقليدية ومثلما جاء في نص ماسوريتك العبري ام اغنامكم كما في بعض الترجمات النقدية ندرس الأدلة الخارجية من الترجمات الحديثة والقديمة ثم المخطوطات وأيضا الأدلة الداخلية

الترجمات العربي كلها كتبت مثل فانديك

8 :16 و ياخذ عبيدكم و جواريكم و شبانكم الحسان و حميركم و يستعملهم لشغله

التراجم الإنجليزي

أولا التي كتبت شبانكم

1 Samuel 8:16

(ACV) And he will take your men-servants, and your maid-servants, and your finest young men, and your donkeys, and put them to his work.

(AKJ) And he will take your menservants, and your maidservants, and your best young men, and your asses, and put them to his work.

(ASV) And he will take your men-servants, and your maid-servants, and your goodliest young men, and your asses, and put them to his work.

(VW) And he will take your male servants, your female servants, your finest young men, and your donkeys, and make them do his work.

(Bishops) And he shal take your men seruauntes, and maide seruauntes, young men, and the chiefe of your asses, and put them to his worke.

(CEV) The king will take your slaves and your best young men and your donkeys and make them do his work.

(CJB) He will take your male and female servants, your best young men and your donkeys, and make them work for him.

(CLV) And your men-servants, and your maid-servants, and your young men--the best, and your asses, he does take, and has prepared for his own work;"

(Darby) And he will take your bondmen, and your bondwomen, and your comeliest young men, and your asses, and use them for his work.

(DRB) Your servants also, and handmaids, and your goodliest young men, and your asses, he will take away, and put them to his work.

(ESV) He will take your male servants and female servants and the best of your young men^[1] and your donkeys, and put them to his work.

(Geneva) And he will take your men seruants, and your maide seruants, and the chiefe of your yong men, and your asses, and put them to his worke.

(HCSB-r) He can take your male servants, your female servants, your best young men, and your donkeys and use them for his work.

(HNV) He will take your male servants, and your female servants, and your best young men, and your donkeys, and put them to his work.

(csb) He can take your male servants, your female servants, your best young men, and your donkeys and use them for his work.

(IAV) And he will take your menservants, and your maidservants, and your goodliest young men, and your asses, and put them to his work.

(ISRAV) And he will take your menservants, and your maidservants, and your goodliest young men, and your asses, and put them to his work.

(JST) And he will take your menservants, and your maidservants, and your goodliest young men, and your asses, and put them to his work.

(JOSMTH) And he will take your menservants, and your maidservants, and your goodliest young men, and your asses, and put them to his work.

(JPS) And he will take your men-servants, and your maid-servants, and your goodliest young men, and your asses, and put them to his work.

(KJ2000) And he will take your menservants, and your maidservants, and your finest young men, and your donkeys, and put them to his work.

(KJV+TVM) And he will take^{H3947 [H8799]} your menservants^H5650, and your maidservants^H8198, and your goodliest^H2896 young men^H970, and your asses^H2543, and put^{H6213 [H8804]} them to his work^H4399.

(KJV) And he will take your menservants, and your maidservants, and your goodliest young men, and your asses, and put them to his work.

(KJV+) And he will take^H3947 your menservants,^H5650 and your maidservants,^H8198 and your goodliest^H2896 young men,^H970 and your asses,^H2543 and put^H6213 them to his work.^H4399

(KJV-1611) And hee will take your men seruants, and your mayd seruants, and your goodliest young men, and your asses, and put them to his worke.

(KJV21) And he will take your menservants, and your maidservants, and your goodliest young men, and your asses, and put them to his work.

(KJVA) And he will take your menservants, and your maidservants, and your goodliest young men, and your asses, and put them to his work.

(LBP) And he will take your menservants and your maidservants, and your goodly young men and your asses, and put them to his work.

(LITV) And he will take your male slaves and your slave-girls, and the best of your young men, and your asses, and will use them for his own work.

(MKJV) And he will take your male slaves and your slave girls, and your finest young men, and your asses, and put them to his work.

(nas) "He will also take your male servants and your female servants and your best young men and your donkeys and use ^[62] {them} for his work.

(RNKJV) And he will take your menservants, and your maidservants, and your goodliest young men, and your asses, and put them to his work.

(RV) And he will take your menservants, and your maidservants, and your goodliest young men, and your asses, and put them to his work.

(TMB) And he will take your menservants, and your maidservants, and your goodliest young men, and your asses, and put them to his work.

(TRC) And he shall take the best of your menservants and maidservants and young men, and of your asses, and do his work with them.

(UPDV) And he will take your⁺ male slaves, and your⁺ female slaves, and your⁺ goodliest young men, and your⁺ donkeys, and put them to his work.

(Webster) And he will take your men-servants, and your maid-servants, and your most choice young men, and your asses, and put them to his work.

(Wycliffe) Sotheli he schal take awey youre seruauntis and handmaydes, and beste yong men, and assis, and schal sette in his werk.

(YLT) And your men-servants, and your maid-servants, and your young men--the best, and your asses, he doth take, and hath prepared for his own work;

التي كتبت بهائمكم

(BBE) He will take your men-servants and your servant-girls, and the best of your oxen and your asses and put them to his work.

(ERV) "A king will take your men and women servants. He will take your best cattle and your donkeys. He will use them all for his own work.

(GNB) He will take your servants and your best cattle and donkeys, and make them work for him.

(GW) He will take your male and female slaves, your best cattle, and your donkeys for his own use.

(NCV) He will take your male and female servants, your best cattle, and your donkeys and use them all for his own work.

(NET.) He will take both your male and female servants, as well as your best cattle and your donkeys, and assign them for his own use.

(NAB-A) He will take your male and female servants, as well as your best oxen and your asses, and use them to do his work.

(NIVUK) Your menservants and maidservants and the best of your cattle and donkeys he will take for his own use.

(NLV) He will take your men servants and your women servants and the best of your cattle and your donkeys, and use them for his work.

(NWT) And YOUR menservants and YOUR maidservants and YOUR best herds, and YOUR asses he will take, and he will have to use them for his work.

فأغلبية التراجم الحديثة في صالح النص التقليدي

الترجمات القديمة

الفلجاتا اللاتينية للقديس جيروم من القرن الرابع كتبت شبانكم

(clVulgate) Servos etiam vestros, et ancillas, et juvenes optimos, et asinos, auferet, et ponet in opere suo.

(Vulgate) servos etiam vestros et ancillas et iuvenes optimos et asinos auferet et ponet in opere suo

Your servants also, and handmaids, and your goodliest young men, and your asses, he will take away, and put them to his work.

أيضا البشيتا من القرن الرابع كتبت شبانكم مثل النص التقليدي

(Lamsa) And he will take your menservants and your maidservants, and your goodly young men and your asses, and put them to his work.

وأيضا النصوص العبري القديمة مثل لننجراد وغيرها

Westminster Leningrad Codex
וְאֶת־עַבְדֵיכֶם֩ וְֽאֶת־שִׁפְחֹ֨ותֵיכֶ֜ם וְאֶת־בַּחוּרֵיכֶ֧ם הַטֹּובִ֛ים וְאֶת־חֲמֹורֵיכֶ֖ם יִקָּ֑ח וְעָשָׂ֖ה לִמְלַאכְתֹּֽו׃

WLC (Consonants Only)
ואת־עבדיכם ואת־שפחותיכם ואת־בחוריכם הטובים ואת־חמוריכם יקח ועשה למלאכתו׃

Aleppo Codex
טז ואת עבדיכם ואת שפחותיכם ואת בחוריכם הטובים ואת חמוריכם--יקח ועשה למלאכתו

(IHOT+) ואת^H853 עבדיכם^{H5650 your menservants,} ואת^H853 שׁפחותיכם^{H8198 and your maidservants,} ואת^H853 בחוריכם^{H970 young men,} הטובים^{H2896 and your goodliest} ואת^H853 חמוריכם^{H2543 and your asses,} יקח^{H3947 And he will take} ועשׂה^{H6213 and put} למלאכתו׃^{H4399 to his work.}

فكل الأدلة القديمة في صالح النص التقليدي

واهم من كل هذا المخطوطات

فلننجراد بها نفس النص التقليدي مثل الماسوريتك

وأيضا مخطوطة حلب

للأسف مخطوطة قمران

Col. VIII Frgs. a–b, 1 Samuel 8:9–14; 16–20

العدد غير مكتمل فيها

8     16 ואת עבדיכם ואת אמהתיכם 9     ועשו למלאכתו

المصدر الوحيد الذي اخذت منه بعض الترجمات والنقديين هو السبعينية فقط

والسبعينية رغم انها ترجمة تفسيرية رائعة الا انها في هذا العدد هي التي كتبت اغنامكم

(LXX) καὶ τοὺς δούλους ὑμῶν καὶ τὰς δούλας ὑμῶν καὶ τὰ βουκόλια ὑμῶν τὰ ἀγαθὰ καὶ τοὺς ὄνους ὑμῶν λήμψεται καὶ ἀποδεκατώσει εἰς τὰ ἔργα αὐτοῦ

(Brenton) And he will take your servants, and your handmaids, and your good herds and your asses, and will take the tenth of them for his works.

ولكن فامفاس اليونانية كتبت شبانكم

(Vamvas) Και τους δούλους σας και τας δούλας σας και τους καλητέρους νέους σας και τους όνους σας θέλει λαμβάνει και διορίζει εις τας εργασίας αυτού.

فالأدلة الخارجية في صالح النص التقليدي بوضوح ومثل النص العبري الماسوريتك

اما عن الأدلة الداخلية

فالنص يقول

8 :16 ويأخذ عبيدكم وجواريكم وشبانكم (او اغنامكم) الحسان وحميركم ويستعملهم لشغله

العدد في سياقه يقول عن لو عينوا ملك فهو سوف يأخذ شيء جيد من الناس. والاغنام والابقار لا يختار منها بل يأخذها كلها ولكن الشباب والشابات يختاروا الحسان منهم فقط وبدليل عند الحمير لم يقل عنهم الحسان فهو يأخذ كل الابقار والحمير بدون استثناء

فسياق الكلام يؤكد ان النص التقليدي هو الصحيح

ولكن السبعينية لم ترد ان تقول للأمميين ان الملك اليهودي يأخذ الشباب لنفسه فحولتها اغنام ولكن لو العكس هو الصحيح لما حولها النص التقليدي الى شباب

فواضح ان الأدلة الداخلية في صالح النص التقليدي أيضا والكلمة الصحيحة هي شبانكم

والمجد لله دائما