الرجوع إلى لائحة المقالات الرجوع إلى هل العدد الذي يقول ثم ظهر للاثني عشر هو محرف
١كو 15: 5هل العدد الذي يقول ثم ظهر للاثني عشر هو محرف؟ 1كو 15: 5
Holy_bible_1
الشبهة
العدد الذي يقول 1كو "15\5 وَأَنَّهُ ظَهَرَ لِصَفَا ثُمَّ لِلاثْنَيْ عَشَرَ" هو محرف لان هناك ترجمات قالت احدي عشر وبخاصة انهم لم يكونوا اثني عشر وقت ظهور المسيح بل احدي عشر لان يهوذا كان انتحر.
الرد
في البداية موضوع لماذا يلقبهم الكتاب بالاثني عشر تلميذ رغم ان يهوذا انتحر هذا اجبت عنه بشيء من التفصيل في ملف
وأيضا في
كم عدد التلاميذ الذين ظهر لهم المسيح بعد قيامته ؟متي 28: 16 و مرقس 16 ولوقا 24 : 33 و يوحنا 20: 24 واعمال 1 و 1كو 15: 5
فواضح تماما ان كلام معلمنا بولس الرسول انه عن التلاميذ باعتبار ما كان بعد ذلك وهو تعيين متياس التلميذ الاثني عشر اي انه يذكر الحاضرين فهو يتكلم عن الاثني عشر بما فيهم من سيعين فيما بعد وايضا يستخدم معلمنا بولس الرسول ذلك اعتبارا للقب الذي له معني مهم وهو لقب الشهره اي الاثني عشر وليس العدد
والان ابدأ في الجزء النقد النصي
هل النص الأصلي يقول اثني عشر كما ذكر النص التقليدي ام احدى عشر كما قال النص النقدي؟
الترجمات المختلفة
أولا التي قالت اثني عشر
(SVD) وأنه ظهر لصفا ثم للاثني عشر.
(Murdock) and that he was seen by Cephas; and after him, by the twelve:
(ALT) and that He appeared to Cephas [i.e. Peter], then to the twelve.
(ACV) and that he appeared to Cephas, then to the twelve.
(AKJ) And that he was seen of Cephas, then of the twelve:
(ALTNT) and that He appeared to Cephas [i.e. Peter], then to the twelve.
(AMP) And [also] that He appeared to Cephas (Peter), then to the Twelve.
(AUV-NT) and He appeared to Cephas [i.e., Peter. See Luke 24:34], and then to the twelve apostles. [See Luke 24:33].
(ASV) and that he appeared to Cephas; then to the twelve;
(BBE) And he was seen by Cephas; then by the twelve;
(VW) and that He was seen by Cephas, then by the twelve.
(Bishops) And that he was seene of Cephas, then of the twelue:
(CENT) and that he appeared to Cephas, then to the twelve.
(CEV) Christ appeared to Peter, then to the twelve.
(CJB) and he was seen by Kefa, then by the Twelve;
(CLV) and that He was seen by Cephas, thereupon by the twelve."
(Mace) that he was seen by Cephas, then by the twelve:
(Darby) and that he appeared to Cephas, then to the twelve.
(DIA) and that he was seen by Cephas, then by the twelve.
(EMTV) and that He appeared to Cephas, then to the twelve.
(ESV) and that he appeared to Cephas, then to the twelve.
(ERV) and that he appeared to Peter and then to the twelve apostles.
(Etheridge) And he was seen of Kipha, and after him, of the twelve,
(EVID) And that he was seen of Cephas, then of the twelve:
(Geneva) And that he was seene of Cephas, then of the twelue.
(GLB) und daß er gesehen worden ist von Kephas, darnach von den Zwölfen.
(GNB) that he appeared to Peter and then to all twelve apostles.
(GDBY_NT) and that he was seen by Cephas; then by the twelve.
(GW) He appeared to Cephas. Next he appeared to the twelve apostles.
(HCSB-r) and that He appeared to Cephas, then to the Twelve.
(HNV) and that he appeared to Kefa, then to the twelve.
(csb) and that He appeared to Cephas, then to the Twelve.
(IAV) And that he was seen of Kefa, then of the twelve:
(ISV) and he was seen by Cephas, and then by the twelve.
(JMNT) and that He was seen by Cephas – next by the Twelve.
(JST) And that he was seen of Cephas, then of the twelve;
(JOSMTH) And that he was seen of Cephas, then of the twelve;
(KJ2000) And that he was seen of Cephas, then of the twelve:
(KJVCNT) And that he was seen of Cephas, then of the twelve:
(KJCNT) And that he was seen of Cephas, then of the twelve:
(KJV) And that he was seen of Cephas, then of the twelve:
(KJV-Clar) And that he was seen of Cephas, then of the twelve:
(KJV-1611) And that he was seene of Cephas, then of the twelue.
(KJV21) and that He was seen by Cephas, then by the twelve,
(KJVA) And that he was seen of Cephas, then of the twelve:
(LBP) And that he appeared to Cephas, then to the twelve:
(LEB) and that he appeared to Cephas, then to the twelve,
(LitNT) AND THAT HE APPEARED TO CEPHAS, THEN TO THE TWELVE.
(LITV) and that He appeared to Peter, and then to the Twelve.
(LONT) and that he was seen by Cephas, then by the twelve.
(MKJV) and that He was seen by Cephas, then by the Twelve.
(Moffatt NT) and that he was seen by Cephas, then by the twelve;
(nas) and that He (595) appeared to Cephas, (596) then to (597) the twelve.
(NCV) and that he was seen by Peter and then by the twelve apostles.
(NET.) and that he appeared to Cephas, then to the twelve.
(NET) and that he appeared to Cephas, then to the twelve.
(NAB-A) that he appeared to Kephas, then to the Twelve.
(NIRV) He appeared to Peter. Then he appeared to the Twelve.
(NIV) and that he appeared to Peter, and then to the Twelve.
(NIVUK) and that he appeared to Peter, and then to the Twelve.
(NKJV) and that He was seen by Cephas, then by the twelve.
(NLT) He was seen by Peter and then by the twelve apostles.
(NLV) Christ was seen by Peter. After that, the twelve followers saw Him.
(Noyes NT) and that he appeared to Cephas, then to the twelve.
(nrs) and that he appeared to Cephas, then to the twelve.
(NRSV) and that he appeared to Cephas, then to the twelve.
(nsn+) and that He appeared3708 to Cephas2786 , then1534 to the twelve1427 .
(NWT) and that he appeared to Ce'phas, then to the twelve.
(Murdock R) and that he was seen by Keipha; and after him, by the twelve:
(RNKJV) And that he was seen of Peter, then of the twelve:
(RSVA) and that he appeared to Cephas, then to the twelve.
(RV) and that he appeared to Cephas; then to the twelve;
(RYLT-NT) and that he appeared to Cephas, then to the twelve,
(TCNT) And that he appeared to Kephas, and then to the Twelve.
(TMB) and that He was seen by Cephas, then by the twelve,
(TNIV) and that he appeared to Cephas, and then to the Twelve.
(TRC) and that he was seen of Cephas, then of the twelve;
(Tyndale) and that he he was sene of Cephas then of the twelve.
(UPDV) and that he appeared to Cephas; then to the twelve;
(Webster) And that he was seen by Cephas, then by the twelve:
(WMSNT) and that He was seen by Cephas, and then by the Twelve.
(WNT) and was seen by Peter, and then by the Twelve.
(WORNT) And that he was seen by Cephas, then by the twelve:
(WTNT) and that he was seen of Cephas, then of the twelve,
(YLT) and that he appeared to Cephas, then to the twelve,
اما التي كتبت احدى عشر
(DRB) And that he was seen by Cephas, and after that by the eleven.
(Wycliffe) and that he was seyn to Cephas, and aftir these thingis to enleuene;
فكما هو واضح ان كل النسخ الإنجليزية تقريبا تقليدية واغلبية ونقدية بمختلف مدارسها كتبت اثني عشر فيما عدا اثنين احدهما تتبع الفلجاتا
النسخ اليوناني
(GNT) καὶ ὅτι ὤφθη Κηφᾷ, εἶτα τοῖς δώδεκα·
(Translit) kai oti ofthe kefa, eita tois dodeka:
(ABP-G+) καιG2532 οτιG3754 ωφθηG3708 ΚηφαG* ειταG1534 τοιςG3588 δωδεκαG1427
(ABP+) andG2532 thatG3754 he appearedG3708 to Cephas,G* thenG1534 to theG3588 twelve.G1427
(GNT-V) και οτι ωφθη κηφα ειτα τοις δωδεκα
(SNT) και οτι ωφθη κηφα ειτα τοις δωδεκα
(1 Cor. 15:5 BGT) καὶ ὅτι ὤφθη Κηφᾷ εἶτα τοῖς δώδεκα·
(Metaglottisis) και ότι φανερώθηκε στον Κηφά, έπειτα στους δώδεκα.
Nestle
Greek New Testament 1904
καὶ
ὅτι
ὤφθη
Κηφᾷ,
εἶτα
τοῖς
δώδεκα·
Westcott
and Hort 1881
καὶ
ὅτι
ὤφθη
Κηφᾷ,
εἶτα
τοῖς
δώδεκα·
Westcott
and Hort / [NA27 variants]
καὶ
ὅτι
ὤφθη
Κηφᾷ,
εἶτα
τοῖς
δώδεκα·
RP
Byzantine Majority Text 2005
καὶ
ὅτι
ὤφθη
Κηφᾷ,
εἴτα
τοῖς
δώδεκα·
Greek
Orthodox Church 1904
καὶ
ὅτι
ὤφθη
Κηφᾷ,
εἶτα
τοῖς
δώδεκα·
Tischendorf
8th Edition
καὶ
ὅτι
ὤφθη
Κηφᾷ,
ἔπειτα
τοῖς
δώδεκα·
Scrivener's
Textus Receptus 1894
καὶ
ὅτι
ὤφθη
Κηφᾷ,
εἶτα
τοῖς
δώδεκα·
Stephanus
Textus Receptus 1550
καὶ
ὅτι
ὤφθη
Κηφᾷ
εἶτα
τοῖς
δώδεκα·
Westcott
and Hort 1881 w/o Diacritics
και
οτι
ωφθη
κηφα
ειτα
τοις
δωδεκα
Tischendorf
8th Ed. w/o Diacritics
και
οτι
ωφθη
κηφα
επειτα
τοις
δωδεκα
Stephanus
Textus Receptus 1550
και
οτι
ωφθη
κηφα
ειτα
τοις
δωδεκα
Scrivener's
Textus Receptus 1894 w/o Diacritics
και
οτι
ωφθη
Κηφα,
ειτα
τοις
δωδεκα·
Byzantine/Majority
Text (2000) w/o Diacritics
και
οτι
ωφθη
κηφα
ειτα
τοις
δωδεκα
Westcott/Hort,
UBS4 variants w/o Diacritics
και
οτι
ωφθη
κηφα
ειτα
τοις
δωδεκα
ولم أجد نسخة كتبت احدى عشر اينديكا ἕνδεκα
المخطوطات
في الحقيقة كل المخطوطات تقريبا كتبت اثني عشر
السينائية
الإسكندرية
الفاتيكانية
وكل مخطوطات الخط الكبير فيما عدا F G وما يبدوا من كلارومنتس
وكل مخطوطات الخط الصغير فيما عدا 330 464
وكل المخطوطات البيزنطية وهي بالمئات
وكل مخطوطات القراءات الكنسية
وهؤلاء الذين قلت عنهم فيما عدا هم من ذكروا احدى عشر
الترجمات القديمة
الترجمات القبطية من القرن الثالث والرابع أيضا تقول اثني عشر
(Bohairic) ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϫⲉ ⲁϥⲟⲩⲟⲛϩϥ ⳿ⲉⲕⲏⲫⲁ ⳿ⲓⲧⲁ ⲁϥⲟⲩⲟⲛϩϥ ⳿ⲉⲡⲓⲓ̅ⲃ̅..
(NS) ΑΥШ ϪΕ ΑϤΟΥШΝϨ ΕΒΟΛ ΝΚΗΦΑ. ΕΙΤΑ ΜΠΜΝΤСΝΟΟΥС
(NS-T) auw Je aFouwnH ebol nkhfa. eita mpmntsnoous
الترجمات السريانية أيضا تقول اثني عشر
مثل الاشورية من القرن الثاني
وايضا البشيتا من القرن الرابع
(Peshitta) ܘܐܬܚܙܝ ܠܟܐܦܐ ܘܒܬܪܗ ܠܬܪܥܤܪ ܀
(Peshitta-T) W)TXZY LK)P) WBTRH LTR(SR
(Lamsa) And that he appeared to Kepa, then to the twelve;
ولكن التي قالت احدى عشر وسببت هذا الامر هي الفلجاتا من القرن الرابع
(Vulgate) et quia visus est Cephae et post haec undecim
فالأدلة الخارجية قاطعة في صالح النص التقليدي
الأدلة الداخلية
بالطبع بعد انتحار يهوذا أصبح عدد التلاميذ 11 فهذا يفسر لماذا مترجم يفسر انهم احدى عشر بدل اثني عشر فقط للتوضيح ولكن لو العدد يقول احدى عشر لا يوجد سبب لناسخ او مترجم ان يحوله الى اثني عشر ولهذا حسب قاعدة
The reading which could most easily have given rise to the other readings is best.
القراءة التي هي بوضوح السبب في بقية القراءات هي الافضل
فقراءة اثني عشر هي سبب احدى عشر ولهذا هي الصحيحة اما احدى عشر لا تصلح ان تكون سبب لاثني عشر فاحدى عشر ليست الصحيحة
وأيضا نص اثني عشر هو الأصعب لان احدهم انتحر
وأيضا حسب قاعدة
The hardest reading is best
القراءه الاصعب هي الافضل
Difficilior lectio potior or Proclivi scriptioni praestat ardua
فهي أيضا تؤكد ان قراءة اثني عشر هي الصحيحة
وأيضا تشبهها
The disharmonious reading is best.
القراءة التي اقل في توفيق الكلام هي الافضل
فحسب قواعد التحليل الداخلي قراءة اثني عشر التقليدية هي الصحيحة
فالادلة الخارجية والداخلية هي مع النص التقليدي واثني عشر
والمجد لله دائما